PRINCE OF WALES 



6332 



PRINCE EDWARD 

 ISLAND 



Prince Edward Island Map 



of the smallest 

 of Canada 



province of 



Dominion 



bred for their fur. Mackerel, cod, 

 oysters, and lobsters are plentiful. 

 It is served by the Prince Edward 

 Island Riy., a state concern and a 

 branch of the Inter-colonial. The 

 province is governed by a legis- 

 lative assembly of 30 members, 

 elected for four years, and four 

 members are elected to the Senate 

 and four to the House of Commons 

 of the Dominion. Charlottetown, 

 the capital, and Summerside are 

 the only towns. 



The earliest name of the pro- 

 vince, which was discovered by the 

 French, was lie St. Jean. It was 

 French from 1603, when Cham- 

 plain took possession of it, until 

 the peace of 1763. It then became 

 part of Nova Scotia, and in 1773 a 

 separate colony. About this time it 

 was surveyed, and the land dis- 

 posed of in grants, much of it to 

 absentees. As a compliment to 

 Edward, duke of Kent, then 

 governor-general of Canada, the 

 island received its present name. 

 It joined the Dominion, after hav- 

 ing received certain financial 

 advantages, in 1873. 



Prince of Wales. British title 

 conferred upon the male heir 

 apparent of the sovereign. It was 

 first borne by Edward, eldest sur- 

 viving son of Edward I, who in 

 1301 invested his heir with the 

 principality ; his motive was pro- 

 bably to placate Welsh feeling 

 after his wars of conquest. It has 

 been wrongly asserted that Mary, 

 daughter of Henry VIII, held Lhe 

 title of Princess of Wales in her 

 own right. In order of precedence 

 the prince is second only to the 

 sovereign. The plume commonly 

 called the prince of Wales's feathers 

 is really the badge of the heir 

 apparent, in whom it is vested, 

 whether created prince of Wales or 



not. This badge consists of a plume 

 of three ostrich feathers enfiled by 

 a coronet of alternate fleurs d'e 

 lys and crosses patee or, and the 

 motto is Ich Dien (Ger., I serve), 

 adopted by the Black Prince in 

 1346. See Ich Dien. 



Prince of Wales Island. For- 

 mer name for the island officially 

 called Penang (q.v.), in the Straits 

 Settlements. There are also three 

 other islands of this name: (1) 

 The largest island of the Alex- 

 ander group, S.E. Alaska ; length, 

 135 m. ; breadth, 40 m. It has 

 extensive mineral deposits, includ- 

 ing gold, silver, copper, and iron. 

 (2) An island of the Malay Archi- 

 pelago, in Sunda Strait, between 

 Sumatra and Java. (3) A small 

 island in the Low Archipelago, 

 Pacific Ocean. 



Prince of Wales's Fund. Name 

 sometimes given to the national 

 relief fund, started by an appeal 

 from the prince of Wales, on Aug. 

 7, 1914, for the relief of distress 

 arising out of the war. It issued 

 its final report in March, 1921. See 

 National Relief Fund. 



Prince Patrick Island. Wes- 

 ternmost of the Parry group (q.v.), 

 British N. America. Situated N. 

 of Banks Island, and W. of Melville 

 Sound, its coasts are deeply in- 

 dented, especially on the S. and W. 



Prince Rupert. Port and town 

 of British Columbia. It stands on 

 Kaien Island at the mouth of the 

 Skeena river, 550 m. N. of Van- 

 couver. It is the terminus of the 

 G.T.P. Riy., and has a fine, natural 

 harbour, 14 m. long. There are a 

 floating dry-dock, shipyards, ele- 

 vators, etc., and an inner harbour 

 is planned. The chief buildings are 

 the city hall, churches, schools, 

 etc., and there is plentiful electric 

 light and power. Coal and oil are 



PRINCESS CHARLOTTE 



found in the neighbourhood, and 

 there are salmon, halibut, and 

 herring fisheries. Pop. 6,000. 



Prince Rupert's Drops. Small 

 pear-shaped pieces of glass, pro- 

 duced by pouring molten glass 

 drop by drop into cold water. 

 When scratched with a sharp 

 point, the drops fall to powder with 

 an explosive effect. The drops are 

 called after Prince Rupert, who 

 first introduced them as a toy. 



Prince's Club. London sport- 

 ing and social club. Founded in 

 1853, its home is at 197, Knights- 

 bridge, S.W. It is the headquarters 

 of racquets and tennis, and on its 

 courts most of the championship 

 matches are played. 



Princes' Islands. Islands of 

 the sea of Marmora, the- ancient 

 Demonesi. Nine in number, four 

 of them being inhabited, they lie 

 in the E. part of the sea of Mar- 

 mora, about 12 m. S.E. of Con- 

 stantinople. They are famous for 

 their delightful climate. The 

 chief island is Prinkipo, called by 

 the Turks Kizil Adasi, the Red 

 Island. It came into prominence 

 in 1919 in connexion with a pro- 

 posed conference between Russia 

 and the Allies, but no meeting was 

 held. Pop. 10,000. 



Prince's Metal. Alloy of cop- 

 per. It is used either as a sub- 

 stitute for gold in the preparation 

 of cheap imitation jewelry or for 

 the foundation for gold-plated 

 jewelry. Its composition ranges 

 from 60 parts copper and 40 zinc 

 to 75-5 copper and 24'5 zinc. The 

 alloy is also known as Bristol brass. 

 See Alloys ; Brass. 



Princes Risborough. Market 

 town of Buckinghamshire, Eng- 

 land. It is 7 m. from Aylesbury, 

 near the Chiltern Hills, with a 

 station on the G.W. Riy. The name 

 is due to the fact that the Black 

 Prince had a palace here. S. Mary's 

 Church is the chief building. Pop. 

 2,300. Monks Risborough,"2 m. to 

 the N., belonged to the archbishop 

 of Canterbury. It has an interesting 

 church. About 3 m. N. of Princes 

 Risborough is Chequers (q.v. ). 



Princess, THE. Fantastic 

 romantic poem in blank verse by 

 Lord Tennyson, and described in 

 its sub- title as A Medley. First 

 published in 1847, it received later 

 additions, notably the lyrics with 

 which, as completed, it is inter- 

 spersed. Dealing in half -mocking 

 fashion with the movement 

 for women's fuller education and 

 " women's rights," the poem em- 

 bodies many passages of real beauty. 



Princess Charlotte Bay. In- 

 dentation of Queensland, Australia. 

 It is situated on the N.E. coast 

 between Capes Melville and Sid- 

 mouth, and receives many streams, 



