PUERTO CORTES 



Triste, about 30 m. by rly. N. of 

 Carabobo, and 80 m. W. of Caracas. 

 The town is well provided with 

 wharves and warehouses, and has 

 a custom house, municipal build- 

 ings, etc. The chief exports are 

 coffee, cocoa, sugar, cinchona, dye- 

 woods, rubber, cattle, and animal 

 products. In 1743 it resisted the 

 attack of a British squadron, and 

 in 1823 the last battle in the War 

 of Independence was fought here. 

 The fortifications were destroyed 

 during the Anglo-German blockade 

 of 1902-3. Pop. 18,300. 



Puerto Cort6s, formerly CAB- 

 ALLOS. Seaport of Honduras, 

 Central America. It stands on the 

 Gulf of Honduras, 9 m. N.N.E. of 

 Omoa, and is the second port of 

 the republic. It is the terminus of 

 the rly. to the interior and La Brea 

 on the Pacific. The harbour, the 

 best on the N. coast, is spacious, 

 sheltered, and deep, and the ex- 

 ports include cattle, hides, ban- 

 anas, coffee, cedar and mahogany, 

 vanilla, rubber, and gold. A large 

 trade in cattle is carried on with 

 Mexico. Pop. 2,500. v 



Puerto de Santa Maria, EL. 

 Seaport of Spain, in the prov. of 

 Cadiz. It stands on the river 

 Guadalete, at its entrance to the 

 Bay of Cadiz, 8 m. N.E. of Cadiz, 

 on the rly. to Seville. It has a 

 Moorish citadel, a 13th century 

 Gothic church, a Jesuit college, and 

 a celebrated bull-ring. Sherry is 

 exported in large quantities, and 

 large stone warehouses, or bodegas, 

 for the storage of the wine have 

 been erected. Salt is also exported. 

 Manufactures include liqueurs, 

 brandy, soap, starch, and glass. 

 Pop. 18,000. 



Puerto Herrera. Port of Hon 

 duras, Central America. In 1916 it 

 was determined to establish the 

 free port at the mouth of the Cruta 

 river, in the Bay of Carat asca. 



Puerto Madryn. Seaport of 

 Argentina, in the terr. of Chubut. 

 It stands on Nuevo Gulf, and is 

 the coast terminus of the rly. to 

 Trelew, a Welsh settlement, and 

 Gaiman. 



Puerto Montt. Seaport town of 

 Chile, capital of the prov. of Llan- 

 quihue. It stands on F/eloncavi 

 Bay, at the head of Ancuci Gulf, 60 

 m. direct E.N.E. of Ancud, and is 

 connected by rly. with Valdivia, 

 125 m. to the N.N. W. It has an ex- 

 cellent harbour, and exports timber, 

 wheat, and leather. Pop. 5,000. 



Puerto Plata. Seaport town of 

 Santo Domingo, W. Indies. It 

 stands on the N. coast, with a 

 sheltered harbour, and is a cable 

 station connected with St. Thomas, 

 Leeward Isles. It has connexion 

 by rly. with the interior, and by 

 steamship with the U.S.A. and 



6393 



Europe. Of considerable com-r 

 mercial importance, it exportc 

 tobacco, cocoa, coffee, bananas, 

 dyewoods, cotton, etc. Pop. 10,000. 



Puerto Principe r 

 OB CAMAGUEY. East 

 central prov. of 

 Cuba. The second 

 largest prov. of 

 the island, it has 

 a mainly undulat- 

 ing surface. It is 

 well wooded, pro- 

 duces small quanti- 

 ties of sugar and 

 tobacco, and has 

 cattle-rearing and 

 copper-mining in- 

 dustries. Its area 

 is 10,076 sq. m. 

 Pop. 193,000. 



Puerto Principe 

 OR CAMAGUEY. City of Cuba. The 

 capital of the prov. of Puerto Prin- 

 cipe, it is situated about 45 m. by 

 rly. W. by S. of Nuevitas, its port. 

 It carries on a trade in cattle and 

 sugar. Pop. 93,000. 



Puerto Real (Sp., Port Royal). 

 Seaport of Spain, in the prov. of 

 Cadiz. It stands on the Bay of 

 Cadiz, 6 m. E. of Cadiz, on the 

 Seville-Cadiz Rly. The Portus 

 Gadetanus of Roman days, it was 

 rebuilt 1483-88, and is now chiefly 

 a sea-bathing resort. It has a 16th 

 century church and a fine town 

 hall. The chief exports are wine, 

 oil, and salt. Shipbuilding and re- 

 pairing are engaged in. Pop. 8,400. 

 Pueyrredon, JUAN MARTIN DE 

 (1777-1850). Argentine soldier 

 and statesman. Born in Argentina 

 one year after the 

 creation of the 

 vice-royalty of 

 Buenos Aires, he 

 rose to the rank 

 of general, distin- 

 guishing himself 

 especially in the 

 fighting against 

 the British in 

 1806-7, which vir- 

 tually brought the 

 Argentine nation to a sense of its 

 strength. After the founding of the 

 United Provinces of the River 

 Plate, 1816, Pueyrredon was pro- 

 claimed dictator, and wisely guided 

 the young republic until 1825, 

 living in retirement during the dis- 

 turbed times that followed 



Pufendorf, SAMUEL VON (1632- 

 94). German jurist. Born at 

 Chemnitz, Jan. 8, 1632, he was 

 educated at Leipzig and Jena. In 

 1661 he made a name by his Latin 

 work on the Elements of Universal 

 Jurisprudence, for which he was 

 chosen professor at Heidelberg. In 

 1670 he went to Lund as professor, 

 became historiographer to the king 

 of Sweden, 1677, and in 1688 



to the elector of Brandenburg. He 

 died in Berlin, Oct. 26, 1694. 

 Pufendorf's greatest work is his De 

 Jure Naturae et Gentium, 1672, 



J. M. de Pueyrre- 



don, Argentine 



dictator 



Puff Adder. Repulsive, venomous 



serpent of Africa. Left, head 



with distended jaws, showing the 



poison fangs 



and he is also known by some 

 historical writings and owing to 

 his disputes with Leibniz. 



Puff Adder (Clotho arietans). 

 Venomous serpent, found in Africa. 

 It is repulsive in appearance, hav- 

 ing a very large, flattened head and 

 thick and triangular body, 4 to 5 ft. 

 long, usually mottled with various 

 shades of brown on the back and 

 sides and yellowish-white beneath. 

 When angiy they draw in their 

 breath and inflate their bodies, 

 whence their popular name. Their 

 venom is very virulent, and their 

 habit of lying half -concealed in the 

 sand and not attempting to go away 

 when approached make them very 

 dangerous to travellers. See Snake. 



Puff-ball (Lycoperdon). Genus 

 of fungi of the natural order Gas- 

 teromyceteae. The spore- bearing 

 portion of the fungus is enclosed in 

 a continuous wall of two layers, of 

 which, by expansion of the inner, 

 the outer layer breaks up into 

 spines or warts. When the spores 

 are ripe the inner wall opens at 

 the apex to release them. Two 

 common and graceful forms, 

 covered with short spines or point- 

 ed warts, are L. gemmatum and L. 

 piriforme, which are edible whilst 

 the flesh is still white. The allied 

 giant puff-ball (Calvatia gigantea), 

 also affords food before the flesh 

 turns brown. See Fungus. 



Puffin (Fratercula arctica). Sea 

 bird belonging to the auk family. 

 The plumage is black on the crown, 

 back, and wings, and white else- 

 where. The bird is remarkable for 

 its very large, adze-shaped beak, 

 which is striped with brilliant red 

 and orange. The decorations of 

 the bill are shed in winter. It is 

 found mainly on the N. shores of 

 Great Britain, the N. temperate 

 zone, and the Arctic, nesting in holes 

 in the ground and crannies in the 

 rocks, and often taking possession 

 of rabbit burrows. In St. Kilda 

 puffins are so numerous that the 



