QUEBEC 



6433 



QUEBSC 



from 

 sepa- 



Atlantic, 

 which it is 

 rated by Labra- 

 dor. The N. part, 

 the former terri- 

 tory of Ungava, 

 was added in 1912. 



The prov. is flat, 

 little more than one 

 immense plateau 

 with nothing high- 

 er than 2,000 ft., 

 although on the S. 

 of the river there 

 are hills rising to 

 nearly 4,000 ft. Its 

 rivers, excluding 

 the St. Lawrence, 

 are not long. From a watershed 

 almost in the centre of the prov. 

 they flow in all directions ; S. into 

 the St. Lawrence, W. into Hudson 

 Bay, N. into Ungava Bay, and E. 

 through Labrador into the Atlan- 

 tic. Others come from the U.S.A. 

 to fall into the St. Lawrence. Lakes 

 abound, Mistassini and St. John 

 being the largest. The largest is- 

 land is Anticosti at the mouth of 

 the St. Lawrence. 



Quebec produces wheat, barley, 

 oats, and cereals, but is more 

 famous for its horses, cattle, and 

 sheep. Dairying is largely prac- 

 tised, fish, especially cod, are 

 caught, and some minerals are 

 worked. From the prov. the world 

 obtains nearly all its asbestos. 

 Much land is covered with forests, 

 and lumbering is an important in- 

 dustry, as is the production of 

 pulpwood. For the industries 

 water power is abundant. The St. 

 Lawrence is the great highway, 

 except in winter. The more popu- 

 lous parts are well served with 

 rlys., both steam and electric. 

 Montreal and Quebec are on the 

 three transcontinental lines, and 

 also in direct connexion with the 

 U.S. A. systems. 



In the Dominion Parliament 

 Quebec is represented by 65 mem- 

 bers. Its local affairs are under a 

 lieutenant-governor, a premier and 



Quebec, Canada. 1. Palace oi the R.C. archbishop 

 and statue of Laval. 2. Church oi Notre Dame des 

 Victoires, named to commemorate the victories over 

 the British fleet in 1688 and 1711. 3. Statue of 

 Champlain. 4. Buildings of the Quebec legislature 



cabinet, and the legislature, with 

 a council of 24 nominated mem- 

 bers and an assembly of 81 elected 

 members. By the Quebec Act the 

 Roman Catholic Church obtained 

 freedom of worship. Separate 

 systems of public education for the 

 Protestants and for the Roman 

 Catholics are carried on. 



The early history of Quebec is 

 really that of Canada. In 1535 it 

 was taken in the 

 name of the king 

 of France by 

 Jacques Cartier, 

 and during the 

 next two centuries 

 was French. In 

 1763 it passed by 

 conquest to Bri- 

 tain, and in 1791 

 was made a separ 

 ate province. The 

 rebellion in Que- 

 bec, 1837-38, led 

 to the union of 

 Upper and Lower 

 Canada in 1841, a 

 union which 

 broadened into the 

 federation ot 

 1867. See Can 

 ada ; consult also 

 Quebec, the 

 Laurentian Pro- 

 vince, B. Willson, 

 1913. 



Quebec. City of Canada and 

 capital of the prov. of that name. 

 It stands on the N. bank of the St. 

 Lawrence just where it is joined by 

 the St. Charles, being built in the 

 angle formed by the two. It is 

 180 m. from Montreal. The posi- 

 tion is a magnificent one, being 

 on the top of bold cliffs with the 

 river, over a mile wide, at their 

 base. The headland is known as 

 Cape Diamond. It is served by the 

 three great lines, C.P.R., C.N.R., 

 and G.T.R. 



Quebec consists of an old and a 

 new town, or lower and upper, 

 steps leading from one to the 

 other. The lower town is the older 

 one, and the business centre. The 

 old city crowns the summit of the 

 cliff, but includes a few narrow 

 picturesque streets at its base ; the 

 large modern manufacturing dis- 

 trict is on the flat banks of the St. 

 Charles. Walls, built in the 19th 

 century, stand on the site of the 

 original fortifications, and the 

 citadel with its glacis and massive 

 walls dominates the city. Outside 



Quebec. Plan of the city showing principal docks 

 and wharves 



L T 



