QUEBEC 



6434 



QUEBEC 



QUEBEC 



(SOUTH) 



English Miles 



Quebec. Map of the Canadian province formerly known as Lower Canada 



the walls, overlooking the St. Law- 

 rence, are the Plains of Abraham. 

 Of the churches the most important 

 are the R.C. cathedral, built in the 

 17th century and enlarged later ; 

 Notre Dame des Victoires, built 

 to celebrate the repulses of the 

 English fleet in 1690 and 1711 ; 

 the Anglican cathedral, and S. 

 Matthew's. Laval University is a 

 large building, including a library 

 and a picture gallery. The city's 

 finest promenade is Dufferin Ter- 

 race overlooking the St. Lawrence ; 

 here, where the Chateau St. Louis, 

 the headquarters of the French 

 government, stood until burnt 

 down in 1834, is a statue of Cham- 



plain. The H6tel Dieu, founded 

 in 1639, is a hospital, and there 

 are other remains of the French 

 occupation, including the Ursuline 

 convent. The buildings of the 

 Quebec legislature form a fine 

 block standing hi large grounds. 



Quebec's chief industry was ship- 

 ping, but much of its trade has 

 passed to Montreal. It has, how- 

 ever, a fine harbour, protected by 

 the Isle of Orleans, and extensive 

 docks. Timber is a staple industry, 

 and here are sawmills and furniture 

 factories. The manufactures in- 

 clude machinery, boots and shoes, 

 leather goods, etc. 



Quebec was founded in 1608 by 



Quebec. 



The capture of Quebec by General Wolfe, Sept. 13, 1759, as depicted 

 in an old print 



Champlain, the name, am Indian 

 one, referring to the narrowing of 

 the river here. Earlier it was an 

 Indian settlement. From 1629-32 

 it was hi possession of the English, 

 and in 1663 was made the capital 

 of New France, being for long the 

 largest city of Canada, the military 

 headquarters, the centre of social 

 life, and the ecclesiastical metro- 

 polis. In 1759 it was taken by the 

 British, and in 1763 was ceded to 

 Great Britain, and remained the 

 capital of Canada until 1841. There 

 was a great celebration in honour 

 of its tercentenary in 1908. Pop. 

 78,700. See Abraham, Plains of; 

 Bridge ; consult also Old Quebec, 

 G. Parker and C. G. Bryan, 1903; 

 Old France in the New World, 

 J. Douglas,-1906. 



Quebec, CAPTURE OF. British 

 success during the Seven Years' 

 War. In 1711 the British in N. 

 America equipped a force of 5,000 

 men to drive the French from 

 Quebec, but the fleet which carried 

 them was damaged by a storm. 



In 1759, under Wolfe, 9,000 men 

 were sent with a fleet up the St. 

 Lawrence. On June 26 they cast 

 anchor off the Isle of Orleans, and 

 the French defenders offered little 

 opposition to the establishment of 

 their camp along the Montmorenci. 

 For some months, however, Wolfe 

 did nothing effective. 



On Sept. 3 the troops were first 

 moved to the other (S.) side o* 

 the St. Lawrence. On the 12th an 

 attack was feigned below the city, 

 while secretly Wolfe with 4,000 men 

 went up the river in boats. In 

 the night they were taken quietly 



