r 



QUINQUAGESIMA 



6448 



QUIRINAL 



Quinquagesima (Lat. quinqua- 

 gesimus, fiftieth). Term applied 

 to the next Sunday before Lent. 

 Quinquagesima Sunday falls 50 

 days before Easter. It was former- 

 ly known as Shrove Sunday. 



Quinquennial (Lat. quinque, 

 five ; annus, year). Something oc- 

 curring every five years. It is also 

 used for a period of five years, 

 which is more correctly a quin- 

 quennium. A quinquennial valua- 

 tion is a re- valuation of property for 

 the purpose of assessing it for rates, 

 that takes place every five years. 



Quinquereme (Lat. quinque, 

 five ; remus, oar). War vessel used 

 in ancient times. The name is due 

 to the fact that it had five banks 

 of oars, one on top of the other. 

 See Trireme. 



Quinque Rne, LA. Village of 

 France. In the dept. of Pas-de- 

 Calais, it is 1 m. E. of Festubert, 

 and was prominent in the fighting 

 around that place in the Great 

 War. See Festubert, Battle of. 



Quinsy (late Lat. quinancia, 

 from Gr. kyon, dog ; angkein, to 

 throttle). Acute inflammation of 

 the tonsil, accompanied by sup- 

 puration. See Tonsil. 



Quintain. Instrument used 

 during the age of chivalry in prac- 

 tising the knightly art of tilting 

 with the lance. Originally a stout 

 post, it was developed into a de- 

 vice for discomfiting the unskilled 



Quintain of a type formerly found 

 on English village greens 



man-at-arms. The humbler classes 

 practised a similar variety of exer- 

 cise, the target being so poised as 

 to swing round and, unless skil- 

 fully evaded, deal a sharp blow 

 from a sandbag hung from the 

 other end of the crossbeam. This 

 latter form of the sport was a 

 popular amusement at country 

 weddings as late as the 18th cen- 

 tury. The word is derived from 



Jose M. Quintana, 

 Spanish writer 



Lat. i/ '' attaint, the part of a Roman 

 camp devoted to military exercises. 

 Quintal. Measure of weight 

 used in Spain, Portugal, and other 

 countries. In Spain it is 100 libras, 

 or 101-4 lb., in Portugal 68'752 

 kilogrammes or 129J lb. The 

 weight is also used in Argentina and 

 other parts of S. America. The 

 metrical quintal of France equals 

 100 kilogrammes or nearly 2 cwt. 

 Quintana, Josfi MANUEL (1772- 

 1857). Spanish writer and repub- 

 lican reformer. Born at Madrid, 

 April 11, 1772, 

 and educated 

 at Salamanca, 

 he became a 

 lawyer, and 

 took an active 

 part in politics. 

 His Lives of 

 Cele brat ed 

 Spaniards, 

 1807-34, and 

 his poetry 

 stirred national sentiment, but his 

 advanced political views involved 

 imprisonment for several years. 

 Restored to favour in 1820, he was 

 made a senator, and died March 11, 

 1857. He wrote several tragedies, 

 as well as biographies of Gonsalvo 

 de Cordoba, known as El Gran 

 Capitan (The Great Captain), and 

 Pizarro. 



Quintana, MANUEL (1834-1906). 

 Argentine statesman. He studied 

 law and practised as a lawyer, and 

 was a professor 

 before entering 

 politics in 

 I860. Repre- 

 senting Buenos 

 Aires in the 

 legislature, he 

 became a 

 senator. H e 

 attended the 

 Montevideo 

 congress a s 

 Argentine plenipotentiary and was 

 likewise at the Washington Pan- 

 American congress of 1889. Minis- 

 ter of the interior, 1904, he was 

 elected president in Oct., 1904, and 

 proved an able statesman. An 

 honourable and strong man, he was 

 active in opening up new territory, 

 improving communications, and in 

 fiscal reform. He died, while in 

 office, March 11, 1906. 



Quintana Roo. Federal terri- 

 tory of Mexico. Organized in 

 1902, it is situated in the Yucatan 

 peninsula, and is bounded E. by 

 the Caribbean Sea. It is under 

 the administration of the city of 

 Mexico, and covers an area of 18,886 

 sq. m. The capital is Santa Cruz 

 de Bravo. Pop. 9,400. 



Quintet (Lat. quinque, five). 

 Musical composition for five solo 

 voices or instruments. 



Manuel Quintana, 

 Argentine statesman 



Quintilian, 

 Roman rhetorician 



Quintilian (c. A.D. 35-97). Ro- 

 man rhetorician. His full name 

 was Marcus Fabius Quintilianus. 

 Born at Cala- 

 g u r r is in 

 Spain, he was 

 educated a t 

 Rome, and re- 

 turned to 

 Spain as a 

 teacher of ora- 

 tory. His great 

 work in 1 2 

 'books, The 

 Institutes o f 

 Oratory, represents the fruit of 

 some 20 years' experience, not 

 only as professor of rhetoric, but 

 also as a practical pleader in the 

 law courts. The more technical 

 portion of the work, which deals 

 with the actual practice of public 

 speaking, has now comparatively 

 little interest, but the books which 

 give an outline sketch of ancient 

 literature are of great value. 



Quintilian possessed a very fine 

 sense of literary criticism, and his 

 appreciations of the leading Latin 

 and Greek authors are of great in- 

 terest. The final book, which deals 

 with education, is also of perman- 

 ent importance. The broad and 

 sane views which the author ex- 

 presses on this subject anticipate 

 some modern theories. 



Quipu. Ancient Peruvian de- 

 vice of knotted strings for keeping 

 records. In Quichuan it means a 

 knot. From a stout cord depended a 

 fringe of threads of different col- 

 ours, sometimes with wood or stone 

 pendants. The number and dis- 

 tance of the knots and the order of 

 the threads arranged on a decimal 

 system served to record the re- 

 sults of the royal Inca hunts, the 

 number and composition of the 

 llama herds, details of tribute, and 

 matters of account connected with 

 peace and war. Ultimate immigra- 

 tion from E. Asia is suggested by 

 the occurrence of similar knot- 

 records in the Pelew, Hawaiian, 

 and other Polynesian islands. An- 

 dean Indians still use them. 



Quire. Measure of paper, the 

 twentieth part of a ream, i.e. 24 

 sheets. The term is used also for 

 small books or pamphlets which 

 contained a quire of paper. A 

 newspaper quire contains 27 copies, 

 a printer's quire 25 sheets. The 

 word was formerly used for four 

 sheets of paper or parchment folded 

 to make eight pages, and was a 

 unit of measurement in books. 



Quirinal (Lat. Collis Quirin- 

 alis). One of the seven hills on 

 which Rome is built, 170 ft. in 

 height. Situate in the N.E. quarter, 

 it was early seized by Sabines, and 

 the name was popularly connected 

 with Cures, an ancient Sabine town. 



