RAMSAY 



6484 



RAMSGATE 



the sun. Later he discovered kryp- 

 ton, neon, and xenon, gases which 

 occur in minute quantities in the 

 air. After the discovery of radium 

 by Curie (q.v.), Ramsay undertook 

 a number of researches and esti- 

 mated the molecular and atomic 

 weights of radium emanation. ;In 

 conjunction with F. Soddy he 

 proved the transmutation of radium 

 into helium. He died July 23, 1916. 

 Ramsay did good service to his 

 country after the outbreak of the 

 Great War, owing to his knowledge 

 of Germany. As a memorial to 

 him a fund was organized which 

 provided research fellowships, and 

 a laboratory of engineering chem- 

 istry at University College, Lon- 

 don. He wrote Gases of the Atmo- 

 sphere : History of their Discovery, 

 1896; Modern Chemistry, 1900; 

 and Elements and Electrons, 1912. 

 See Radio- Activity ; consult also Sir 

 W. Ramsay : Memorials of His Life 

 and Work, Sir. W. A. Tilden, 1918. 

 Ramsay , SIR WILLIAM MITCHELL 

 (b. 1851). British archaeologist. 

 Born in Glasgow, March 15, 1851, 

 and educated 

 at Aberdeen, 

 Oxford, and 

 Gb'ttingen, in 

 1880 he won a 

 travelling stu- 

 dentship at 

 Oxford, and 

 subsequently 

 spent many 

 Sir William Ramsay, years in travel 

 British archaeologist in Asia Minor> 

 Elliott A Fry In 1 8 8 2 h 6 



became fellow of Exeter College, 

 and in 1885 of Lincoln College, 

 Oxford, in the latter year being 

 appointed professor of classical art 

 in the university. In 1886 he was 

 appointed professor of humanity at 

 Aberdeen, which position he held 

 till 1911. His leading works, based 

 on his archaeological researches, 

 include his Historical Geography of 

 Asia Minor, 1890 ; The Church in 

 the Roman Empire, 1893 ; St. 

 Paul the Traveller, 1895 ; Pictures 

 of the Apostolic Church, 1910; and 

 The First Christian Century, 1911. 

 Ramsbottom. Urban dist. of 

 Lancashire, England. It stands on 

 the Irwell, 4 m. from Bury, with a 

 station on the L. . 

 & Y. Rly. The 

 industries include 

 calico printing 

 and bleaching ; 

 also the making 

 of cotton and 

 woollens ; iron 

 and brass found- 

 ing. The works Ramsbottom 

 immortalised by Mini 



Dickens in Nicholas Nickleby are 

 said to have been at Ramsbottom 

 Market day, Sat. Pop. 15,100. 



Raxnscapelle. Village of 

 Belgium, in the prov. of W. Flan- 

 ders. It is on the Nieuport-Dix- 

 mude rly., 2 m. S. of the former 



Slace. It was prominent in the 

 reat War in connexion with the 

 fighting on the Yser. Captured by 

 the Germans in Oct., 1914, it was 

 quickly recovered by the French. 

 Here, "on Oct. 30-31, the French 

 and Belgians, by flooding the dis- 

 trict, defeated a determined Ger- 

 man attempt to break through to 

 the Channel ports. See Ypres, 

 Battles of; Yser. 



Ramsden, JESSE (1735-1800). 

 British optician. Born at Halifax, 

 Yorkshire, Oct. 6, 1735, he was 

 apprenticed to a mathematical in- 

 strument maker in London, 1758. 

 In 1762 he opened his own shop and 

 turned his attention to optical in- 

 struments. In 1774 he brought 

 out a new equatorial instrument. 

 His invention for the accurate 

 dividing of mathematical instru- 

 ments appeared in 1777. Improve- 

 ments in micrometers, sextants, 

 theodolites, eye glasses, astron- 

 omical instruments, etc., followed 

 in rapid succession, attesting to his 

 inventive powers and mechanical 

 skill. He died Nov. 5, 1800. 



Ramsey. British armed board- 

 ing steamer of 1,443 tons. She was 

 sunk in the North Sea, Aug. 8, 

 1915, by the German armed fleet 

 auxiliary minelayer Meteor, 4 

 officers and 39 men being saved. 

 Soon afterwards the captain of 

 the Meteor abandoned his ship and 

 blew her up to prevent her from 

 being taken by a British squadron. 



Ramsey. Market town and 

 urban dist. of Huntingdonshire, 

 England. It is 10 m. from Hunting- 

 don, and is served by the G.E. & 

 G.N. Rly s. There is an agricultural 

 trade. The beautiful church of S. 

 Thomas a Becket, partly Norman, 

 has some valuable obj ects of interest. 

 There are slight remains of the 

 rich Benedictine abbey founded 

 here about 970. The town has 

 associations with the Cromwell 

 family, to whom the abbey lands 

 passed at the Reformation. Ramsey 

 Mere, once a large r 

 lake in the fens. [ 

 is how drained, i 

 Market day, Wed. 

 Pop. 5,300. t . 



Ramsey. Mar- 

 ket town and sea- 

 port of the Isle of 

 Man. It stands 

 on Ramsey Bay, 

 an opening of the 

 N.E. coast, at the 

 mouth of the river 

 Sulby. It is 14 m. 

 from Douglas, with 

 which it is con- 

 nected by rly. and 



by electric tramway. An electric 

 tramway runs from here to the top 

 of Snaefell. A pleasure resort, the 

 town has good 

 sands, promen- 

 ades, and a pier. 

 In N. Ramsey is 

 M o o r a g h Park 

 with a marine 

 lake, and on 

 Frissel Hill is the 



Ramsey arms ^^ Memorial 

 Tower. There is 

 a small museum. Ramsey existed 

 in the 12th century, and has always 

 been one of the most important 

 places in the island. It has steamer 

 connexion with ports in England. 

 Market day, Sat. Pop. 4,700. 



Ramsgate. Mun. borough, mar- 

 ket town, seaport, and watering- 

 place of Kent, England. It is on 

 the eastern coast __^___^__ 

 of Kent, in the 

 Isle of Thanet, 74 

 m. from London, 

 being served by 

 the S.E. & C. Rly. 

 Steamers go to 

 and fromLondon, 

 and also to Bou- 

 logne and else- 

 where. Two stone piers enclose a 

 fine harbour of refuge, which, 

 dating from 1795, consists of an 

 outer harbour of 42 acres, and an 

 inner harbour. 



With the exception of that of S. 

 Lawrence, the chief churches are 

 modern. Other buildings include 

 the Jewish college, built by Sir 

 Moses Montefiore. There is a Vic- 

 toria pavilion, a pier, concert hall, 

 theatre, an esplanade between the 

 E. and W. cliffs, and a marine 

 drive. Ellington Park is one of 

 several open spaces. The industries 

 include fishing and shipbuilding. 

 Broadstairs lies to the N., and 

 Pegwell Bay to the W., while 

 electric tramways connect it also 

 with Margate. In 1921 a residen- 

 tial area was being planned over- 

 looking Pegwell Bay. During the 

 Great War Ramsgate was bom- 

 barded from the sea, and was 

 several times raided by aeroplanes, 



Ramsgate arms 



Ramsgate, Kent. Harbour and part of the sea front ; 

 in the foreground is the Pavilion 



Frith 



