REDMOND 



6521 



REDPOLL 



a member of the Dublin Conven- 

 tion ; but before the triumph of 

 Sinn Fein at the general election 

 of 1918, he died, March 6, 1918. 



Redmond's career as an Irish 

 leader was a failure ; the middle 

 course he sought to steer was not 

 acceptable to the majority of the 

 nation, with whom he lost touch. 

 But in Parliament he was a success. 

 He was a finished speaker, almost 

 an orator of the old school, and his 

 knowledge of the forms and pro- 

 cedure of the House of Commons 

 was profound. He married an 

 Australian lady, Miss Johanna 

 Dalton, and had a son and two 

 daughters. The former, William 

 Archer, became M.P. for Water- 

 ford in 1918, and served with 

 the forces during the Great War. 

 See J. Redmond, a Biographical 

 Study in Irish Politics, L. G. Red- 

 mond-Howard, new ed. 1912 ; Life, 

 W. B. Wells, 1919. 



Redmond, WILLIAM HOEY 

 KEARNEY (1861-1917). Irish poli- 

 tician. A son of W. A. Redmond 

 and a younger 

 brother of 

 J.E.Redmond, 

 he was edu- 

 cated by the 

 Jesuits at 

 Clongowes. He 

 was intended 

 for the army, 

 and became 

 William Redmond, lieutenant in 

 Irish politician the m iHtia, but 

 Kus>el1 abandoned 



that career for politics when Ireland 

 was in a most excited condition. 

 In 1882 he was put in prison for 

 sharing in the land league move- 

 ments.and his abilities soon brought 

 him to the front. He was in Aus- 

 tralia, collecting funds for the 

 party, when he was returned to 

 Parliament as Nationalist M.P. for 

 Wexford borough. In 1885 he was 

 returned for Fermanagh, and in 

 1892 for East Clare. Meanwhile, he 

 had been again in prison, and had 

 declared himself a follower of 

 Parnell when the party was split in 

 1890, and to the end he remained 



Palisade/ 



an active follower of his brother 

 both in and out of Parliament. 



At the outbreak of the Great 

 War Redmond urged his country- 

 men to enlist, and in a short time, 

 although over military age, he set 

 an example by taking a commission 

 hi a service battalion of the Royal 

 Irish regiment. He went with it to 

 the front in 1915, and served with it 

 for two years, making a marked im- 

 pression by speeches delivered in 

 Parliament on short visits home. 

 On June 7, 1917, Major Redmond 

 was hit while his men were making 

 an attack near Wytschaete, and 

 died the same day. Redmond was 

 chiefly remarkable in Parliament 

 for his witty and pointed interjec- 

 tions, but was also an able speaker. 

 He married an Australian lady, 

 Miss Eleanor Dalton, but he left no 

 children. See Trench Pictures from 

 France, with biographical intro- 

 duction by E. M. Smith-Dampier, 

 W. H. K. Redmond, 1917. 



Redon. Town and seaport of 

 France. In the dept. of Ille-et- 

 Vilaine, it stands at the mouth of 

 the Vilaine and on the canal be- 

 tween Brest and Nantes. The chief 

 building is the Gothic church of S. 

 Sauveur; its earliest part dates 

 from the 12th century and it has a 

 detached belfry. The Benedictine 

 abbey, founded here about 820, 

 was long a famous religious house. 

 Pop. 7,000. 



Redon, ODILON (1840-1916). 

 French painter and lithographer. 

 Born at Bordeaux, April 20, 1840, 

 he worked in Gerome's studio, 

 and became known as an exhibitor 

 of oil paintings and pastels, espe- 

 cially of flower subjects, from about 

 1882. His skilful lithographic work 

 includes the albums Dans le Reve, 

 1879; A Edgar Poe, 1882; Horn- 

 mage a Goya, 1885 ; La Tentation 

 de S. Antoine, 1888. His painting, 

 Yeux Clos, was acquired by the 

 Luxembourg, and he executed 

 several portraits of interest, espe- 

 cially of contemporary artists. His 

 work is marked by lively imagina- 

 tion and skilful decorative effects. 

 He died hi Paris, July 6, 1916. 



Redoubt (Ital. 

 ridotto, shelter). 

 Small enclosed 

 defence work em- 



ployed in conjunction with a line 

 of infantry trenches and forming a 

 strong point of resistance, even 

 after the ordinary trenches have 

 become untenable or been cap- 

 tured. It is essential that its occu- 

 pants should be able to fire hi all 

 directions. If the enemy breaks 

 through the line the redoubts 

 should hold, provide rallying 

 points where the troops from the 

 trenches can collect, localise the 

 effect of the enemy's success, and 

 cover the supporting troops in 

 their endeavours to recapture the 

 position. It was formerly considered 

 essential that redoubts should 

 be built above ground. As they 

 were thus very conspicuous, the 

 modern arrangement is merely an 

 enclosed group of trenches which 

 can be concealed like ordinary fire 

 trenches. Ample dugouts and 

 trenches must be provided, and 

 considerable use is made of ob- 

 stacles. A notable example in the 

 Great War was the Hohenzollern 

 redoubt (q.v. ). See Entrenchment ; 

 Fortification. 



Redowa. Bohemian dance in 

 triple time, somewhat resembling 

 the mazurka. It became popular 

 in the ballroom during the first 

 half of the 19th century, but has 

 now died out. 



Redpoll (Acanthislinaria). Brit- 

 ish song-bird. Closely related to 

 the linnet genus, it is found chiefly 



Redpoll. Crimson-headed song-bird 

 related to the linnet genus 



W. S. Berridge, F.Z.S. 



in the N. districts of Great Britain ; 

 also in Europe, Asia, and N. 

 America. The plumage is red- 

 dish brown on the upper parts, 

 with a deep crimson crown, pink 

 breast, and white under parts. In 

 habits and song it much resembles 

 the linnet. It feeds upon insects 

 and seeds. See Eggs, colour plate. 



Redoubt. Sectional and ground plans of a typical infantry redoubt adapted to the conjuration of the ground, as em- 

 ployed before the introduction of the trench system of warfare 



BH courtesy of John Murray 



