REID 



Reid, THOMAS MAYNE (1818- 

 83). British novelist. Born at 

 Ballyroney, co. Down, April 4, 

 1818, the son 

 of a Presby- 

 terian minis- 

 ter, he emi- 

 grated to 

 America in 

 1839. He saw 

 life in many 

 phases and 

 served in the 

 T. Mayne Reid, U.S. army in 

 British novelist the Mexican 

 War of 1847. His experiences are 

 embodied in a 'long series of 

 stirring novels of adventure, among 

 which the best known are The Rifle 

 Rangers, 1850; The Scalp Hunters, 

 1861 ; Afloat in the Forest, 1865 ; 

 and The Headless Horseman, 1866. 

 Mayne Reid returned to Europe 

 in 1849 and, except for a brief 

 interval in America, lived in Eng- 

 land until his death, Oct. 22, 1883. 

 Reid, SIR THOMAS WEMYSS(1842- 

 1905). British journalist and 

 author. Born at Newcastle-upon- 

 T y n e, and 

 educated 

 there, in 1870 

 he became 

 editor of The 

 Leeds Mer- 

 cury, which he 

 raised to a 

 great position 

 among pro- 

 vincial news- 

 papers. He 

 was appointed manager to Cassell 

 & Co. in 1887, and edited The 

 Speaker, 1890-99. He was knighted 

 hi 1894. Among his works are 

 biographies of Charlotte Bronte, 

 W. E. Forster, and Lord Houghton. 

 He died Feb. 26, 1905. 



Reid, WHITELAW (1837-1912). 

 American journalist, author, and 

 diplomat. Born at Xenia, Ohio, 

 Oct. 27, 1837, 

 during the 

 Civil War he 

 r e p r e s e nted 

 The Cincinnati 

 Gazette as war 

 correspon- 

 dent. In 1869 

 he entered the 

 office of The 



Whitelaw Reid, New York 

 American journalist Tribune, of 

 w. * D. Down* which he 

 afterwards became editor and chief 

 owner. Minister to France, 1889- 

 92, in the latter year he was an un- 

 successful Republican candidate 

 for the vice-presidency. Twice 

 special envoy to England, at the 

 Diamond Jubilee of Queen Vic- 

 toria, 1897, and the Coronation of 

 Edward VII, 1902, he was ap- 

 pointed ambassador to Great 



Sir Wemyss Reid, 

 British journalist 



6544 



Britain in 1905. He died in London, 

 Dec.15, 1912. He was thejauthor 

 of A|fe^;.the War, 1867 ; "Jfoblems 

 of Expansion, 1900; The monroe 

 Doctrine, 1903 ; American and 

 English Studies, 1914 ; and- other 

 works. See Life, R. Cortissoz, 1921. 

 Reigate. Mun. borough and 

 market town of Surrey, England. 

 It stands beneath the North Downs, 

 23 m. from Lon- 

 don, and is 

 served by the 

 S.E. & C. Rly. 

 The chief church 

 is that of S. Mary 

 Magdalen, main- 

 ly Perpendicular, 

 Reigate but with fine 



borough seal transitional Nor- 

 man arcades in the nave. Lord 

 Howard of Emngham is buried 



REIMS 



(via Soissons) E.N.E. of Paris. It 

 is an important rly. centre, and is 

 linked by canal with the Aisne and 

 the Marne. E. of 

 the town stretches 

 part of the plain 

 of Champagne ; to 

 the S.W. rises the 

 vine-covered 

 Montagne de 

 Reims. The main 

 activities are the 

 champagn e 



Reims arms 



industry, of which it is the centre, 

 and the manufacture of woollens, 

 cashmeres, merinos, flannels, etc. 

 It is the seat of an archbishop. 



The cathedral was founded in 

 1211, but stands on the site of 

 earlier churches, the last destroyed 

 by fire in 1210. It is still one of the 

 noblest Gothic buildings of France. 



here. Other buildings include the The choir was completed, 1241, and 



town hall, market house, and 

 grammar school dating from 1675. 

 There are numerous caves beneath 

 the town, which has an agricultural 

 trade. An annual fair is held. 



The town grew up around a 

 castle built and held by the 



the W. fa9ade, with its three por 

 tals with over 500 statues, also in 

 the 13th century. The whole was 

 completed in 1428, but the spires 

 were destroyed by fire in 1481. 

 The rose window over the W. 

 portals, the beautifully carved N. 



Warenne family, from whom it portal, and the twin W. towers, 

 passed to the earls of Arundel. 267 ft., are among famous fea- 

 The castle was destroyed after the tures of the exterior. The bom- 

 Civil War, and the groun<|g are now bardments of 1914-18 severely 

 a public garden. There ^rfts also damaged the cathedral. Although 

 a priory here -in the Middle Ages, the main body of the building 

 From 1295-1832 

 Reigate sent two 

 members to Par- 

 liament, and from 

 1832-67 it sent 

 one. It was only 

 made a borough 

 in 1863, although 

 some of the rights 

 are much older. 

 In 1921 much 

 property in the 

 centre of the town 

 was sold by H. 

 Somers Somerset. 

 He also sold his 



residence, Reigate Rei ate ' *"- old Town HaU ' 1D tne m * h Street 

 Priory, and pre- 

 sented to the borough market stands, irreparable damage was 

 and other rights. The borough done to the carvings, stained glass, 



" and vaulting, though restoration is 

 being carried out. The tapestries, 



includes the adjoining town of 

 Redhill (q.v.). Pop. (1921) 28,915, 

 Reign of Terror. Term applied 



paintings, plate, etc., were placed 



to the period in the French Revo- in safety, much glass was removed, 



lution during which supreme power and many carvings built over for 



was in the hands of the Committee protection. 



of Public Safety formed by the 



Jacobins, July, 1793. In addition 



to supporters of the old regime, 



hundreds of the revolutionaries 



? , The archiepiscopal palace (15th- 

 17th century, with a 13th cen- 

 tury chapel) was destroyed by 

 fife, 1914; the fine 17th century 

 themselves perished on the scaffold town hall was gutted in 1917. 

 as a result of the general atmo- The noble abbey church of S. Remi, 

 sphere of Auspicious mistrust. See 12th-15th century, and founded in 



the 6th century, was severely dam- 

 aged, 1918. The Roman Porte de 

 Mars, 4th century, still stands, but 

 the Hotel Dieu was destroyed, 

 1916, and the 13th century Maison 



French Revolution ; Jacobins ; 

 Robespierre. 



Reims. Town of France, in the 

 dept. of Marne. It lies on the right 

 bank of the Vesle, 99} m. by rly. 



