REYNOLDS 



students in 1769. The foundation 

 of the Royal Academy banquet 

 was also due to him, and he it was 

 who suggested the appointment of 

 some of the eminent men of the 

 day to act with the Academy as 

 honorary professors. 



He resigned his presidentship of 

 the R.A. in 1790, but was per- 

 suaded by his colleagues to resume 

 the high position. A year after- 

 wards, however, he became blind, 

 and in 1792, on Thursday, Febru- 

 ary 23, he died. He was buried in 

 the crypt of S. Paul's Cathedral. 



Reynolds was the great English 

 master of portraiture. An unerring 

 draughtsman, a wonderful colourist 

 gifted with a profound sense of 

 decoration, and a graceful humour, 

 his portraits represent the finest of 

 English art in its grandest form. 



His best pictures have, as a rule, 

 been the subjects of engravings, 

 nearly 800 contemporary plates 

 having been prepared from his 



work. Many of his pictures have 

 suffered by reason of the strange 

 experiments he tried in order to 

 obtain the greatest brilliancy, but 

 it has been wisely said that even a 

 faded picture by Reynolds is 

 greater than the works of any of 

 his contemporaries. Fine examples 

 of his pictures may be seen in the 

 National Gallery, Wallace Collec- 

 tion, National Portrait Gallery, 

 and Royal Academy, and in the 

 private collections of Miss Alice de 

 Rothschild, the duke of Devon- 

 shire, Lord Iveagh, the duke of 

 Westminster, and J. P. Morgan, 

 and also in many of the great 

 private galleries of the U.S.A. Sec 

 Abingdon, F. ; An son, Baron ; 

 Art ; Billington, E. ; Burke, E. ; 

 Devonshire, Duchess of ; Fox, 

 C. J. ; Gibbon, F : Goldsmith, 0., 

 Hamilton, E. ; Hunter, E. J. . 

 Johnson, S. ; Percy, T. 



a. C. Williamson 



Mrs. Baillie Reynolds, 

 British novelist 



Elliott A Fry 



Bibliography. Works of Sir J. R., 

 E. Malone, 1797 ; History of the 

 Works of Sir J. R., 4 vols., A. 

 Graves and W. V. Cronin, 1899- 

 1901 ; Lives, J. Northcote, 1819 ; 

 J. Farington, 2nd ed. 1819 ; C. R. 

 Leslie and T. Taylor, 1865 ; Sir C. 

 Phillips, 1894 ; Sir W. Armstrong, 

 1900 ; Lord R. Gower, 1902 ; J. F. 

 Molloy, 1906. 



Reynolds, MRS. Louis BATLLIE 

 British novelist. Born at Tedding - 

 ton, daughter of Julian Robins, 

 she was edu- 

 cated in Lon- 

 don and, as G. 

 M. Robins, be- 

 came known as 

 a skilful writer 

 of novels of 

 contemporary 

 life. In 1890 

 she married 

 Louis Baillie 

 Reynolds. 

 Among her 

 novels may be mentioned Keep 

 My Secret, 1886 ; The Tree of 

 Knowledge, 1889; The Ides of 

 March, 1892; Phcebe in Fetters, 

 1904 ; The Daughter Pays, 1916 ; 

 A Castle To Let, 1917 ; and The 

 King's Widow, 1919. 



Reynolds, SAMUEL WILLIAM 

 (1773-1835). British engraver. 

 Born in London, July 4, 1773, he 

 studied under C. H. Hodges. At 

 first he painted in oils, and between 

 1797 and 1827 exhibited several 

 portraits and landscapes at the 

 Academy, but his true metier was 

 mezzotint engraving, his teacher 

 being John Raphael Smith. He en- 

 graved more than 300 portraits 

 after Sir 

 Joshua Rey- 

 nolds, Law- 

 rence, p i e , 

 Northcote, 

 Phillips, 

 Dance, and 

 others ; and 

 subject pic- 

 tures after 

 George M o r - 

 land, North- 

 cote, and sev- 

 eral contemporary French painters. 

 He was accomplished in etching, 

 stipple, and aquatint, and was fond 

 of combining one or more of these 

 methods with mezzotint in one 

 plate. He died in London of para- 

 lysis, Aug. 13, 1835. 



Reynolds, WALTER (d. 1327). 

 English prelate. Aided to ecclesi- 

 astical preferment by Edward I, he 

 became a favourite of Edward II, 

 who made him bishop of Worcester, 

 1307, sent him on a mission to 

 Avignon, 1309, and made him lord 

 chancellor in 1310. He attended the 

 Council of Vienne, 1311, and in 

 1314 became archbishop of Canter- 

 bury. His private life and his 



S. W. Reynolds, 

 British engraver 



After J. Opie 



RHAETIC BEDS 



political influence were open to 

 criticism, but he effected several 

 ecclesiastical reforms. Reynolds 

 crowned Edward III in 1327, and 

 died at Mortlake, Nov. 16, 1327. 



Reznicek, EMIL NIKOLAUS VON 

 (b. 1861). Austrian composer. Born 

 in Vienna, May 4, 1861, he 

 studied under Reinecke at Leipzig. 

 Musical director at Mannheim 

 Court Theatre, 1896-99, and at the 

 Imperial Opera, Warsaw, 1907-8, 

 he .became conductor of the 

 Komische Oper, Berlin, 1909. He 

 has composed several operas, nota- 

 bly Die Jungfrau von Orleans, 

 1887, successful light operas, 

 among which are Donna Diana. 

 1894, and Eros und Psyche, 1917, 

 pieces for orchestra and incidental 

 stage music, church music, songs, 

 and pianoforte works. 



R.F.A. Abbreviation for Royal 

 Field Artillery. See Artillery, 

 Royal Regiment of. 



R.G.A. Abbreviation for Royal 

 Garrison Artillery. See Artillery, 

 Royal Regiment of. 



R.H.A. Abbreviation for Royal 

 Horse Artillery. See Artillery, 

 Royal Regiment of. 



Rhabdomancy (Gr. rhabdos, 

 rod ; manteia, divination). Divi- 

 nation by means of a rod or twig, 

 and the discovery of water or veins 

 of ore by the same method. See 

 Divining Rod. 



Rha daman thus. In Greek 

 mythology, the son of Zeus and Eu- 

 ropa, and brother of Minos, king of 

 Crete. On account 'of the upright- 

 ness of his life he was made one 

 of the judges of the dead in Hades, 

 the others being Minos and Aeacus. 



Rhaetia OR RAETIA. Province 

 of the Roman empire lying S. of 

 the Danube and corresponding 

 roughly to the greater part of 

 Tirol with the adjoining Grisons of 

 Switzerland. Conquered by the 

 Romans under Drusus in 15 B.C., at 

 this period most of its inhabitants 

 were Celtic. See Rome. 



Rhaetian Alps. Section of the 

 Eastern Alpine system. They 

 extend into Italy, Switzerland, and 

 Austria, and include the Bernina, 

 Albula, and part of the Ortler 

 Alps, and were named from the 

 Roman prov. Rhaetia. The loftiest 

 peak is the Piz Bernina, alt. 13,304 

 ft., and the chief pass the Splugen, 

 nearly 7,000 ft. in alt. See "Alps. 



Rhaetic Beds. In geology, 

 name given to those rocks found 

 at the top of the Triassic and at 

 the base of the Jurassic. The rocks 

 show the characteristics of both 

 the Triassic and the Jurassic, and 

 were so called from their occur- 

 rence in the Rhaetian Alps. They 

 consist of shales, limestone, marls, 

 and sandstones, and contain many 

 fossils, including those of some of 



