RHODIAN WARE 



RHODONITE 



men left Maf eking on May 18, 1890, 

 established a post at Tufi, founded 

 the first outpost in Mashonaland 

 (Fort Victoria) on Aug. 14, and on 

 Sept. 12 occupied the spot now 

 known as Salisbury, where the 

 Union Jack was hoisted. > 



The first administrator of Mash- 

 onaland, A. B. Colquhoun, was 

 succeeded on Sept. 18, 1891, 

 by Dr. (later Sir Leander Starr) 

 Jameson. Troubles occurred with 

 the Matabele, and on Nov. 4, 1893, 

 their capital at Bulawayo was 

 occupied, after the Matabele had 

 been twice defeated and Lobengula 

 had fled. In March, 1896, the 

 natives again revolted, and after 

 a prolonged struggle the rebellion 

 was subdued in Sept., 1897. 



During the Great War Rho- 

 desia rendered important service 

 to the empire by securing its bor- 

 ders against invasion, and by fur 

 nishing two regiments of European 

 infantry for distant service. 



The important decision of the 

 judicial committee of the Privy 

 Council, delivered in Oct., 1918, 

 established the fact that the land 

 in Rhodesia is the property of the 

 crown ; and a royal commission, 

 under Lord Cave, was appointed 

 to determine the compensation due 

 to the Chartered Company. 



Responsible government was in- 

 stituted in S. Rhodesia on Oct. 1, 

 1923. There is a governor ap- 

 pointed by the crown and a Legis- 

 lature of two Houses. The settle- 

 ment of 1923 provided for the pay- 

 ment of 3,750,000 by the British 

 Government to the shareholders of 

 the British South Africa Company. 

 The latter then ceased to be respon- 

 sible for the administration of the 

 territory, and for that of N. Rho- 

 desia as from April 1, 1924. 



P. Evans Lewiii 

 Bibliography. The Ruined Cities 

 of Mashonaland, J. T. Bent, 1892 ; 

 Sunshine and Storm in Rhodesia, 

 F. C. Selous, 1896 ; The Matabele 

 Campaign, R. S. S. Baden-Powell, 

 1897 ; Rhodesia, Past and Present, 

 S. T. Du Toit, 1897 ; Rhodesia and 

 its Government, H. C. Thomson, 

 1898 ; History of Rhodesia, H. 

 Hensman, 1900 ; Medieval Rhodesia, 

 D. Randall-Maclver, 1906; Pre- 

 historic Rhodesia, R. N. Hall, 1909 ; 

 Southern Rhodesia, P. Hone, 1909 ; 

 Great Plateau of Northern Rhodesia, 

 C. Gouldsbury and H. Skeane, 1911. 

 Rhodian Ware. Class of glazed 

 pottery, also known as Turkish 

 ware. It was made in Rhodes, and 

 at Nicaea, Kutaya, and elsewhere 

 in the Turkish empire. The best 

 ware, especially tiles and dishes, 

 was produced in the 16th and early 

 17th centuries. The ground is 

 generally pure white, with bold de- 

 signs in blues, greens, etc., outlined 

 with a dark pigment. Particularly 



characteristic is the decorative use 

 in relief of a red clay pigment, 

 known as Armenian bole. Some- 

 times this covers most of the white 

 ground. Persian motives are fre- 

 quent, though the Turkish treat- 

 ment of flowers is broader and 

 more naturalistic. The glaze is un- 

 usually thick. See Rhodes. 



Rhodium (from Gr. rhodon, 

 rose). One of the rare metallic 

 elements, chemical symbol, Rh ; 

 atomic weight, 102 '86 ; specific 

 gravity, 12 '1 ; melting point, 

 2,000 Cent. (3,632 Fah.). When 

 pure it is insoluble in acids or aqua 

 regia, is attacked by chlorine and 

 sulphur, oxidises on surface when 

 heated, and vaporises in electric 

 furnace. It is hard, ductile, malle- 

 able at red heat, white with a 

 bluish tinge resembling aluminium. 



Discovered in 1804 by the Eng- 

 lish chemist, William Hyde Wol- 

 laston, in platinum sands from the 

 Ural Mountains, it is one of the 

 platinum group of metals and is 

 always found in native platinum, 

 and generally with that metal in 

 the Urals and S. America. It is 

 also found in nickel-copper ores of 

 Sudbury, Canada, and elsewhere, 

 and, alloyed with gold, in rhodite in 

 Mexico. Specimens of the latter 

 carrying 34 to 45 p.c. rhodium are 

 recorded. 



Rhodium is used for preparation 

 of thermo-electric couples of elec- 

 trical pyrometers, and for tips of 

 gold pens. The monoxide is used 

 in the preparation of thoriaceria 

 gas mantles. 



Rhodochrosite. Mineral man- 

 ganese carbonate. It is usually 

 adulterated with various other 

 minerals, chiefly iron, calcium, and 

 zinc. Red in colour, whence its 

 name, it is found associated with 



manganese, silver, lead, and other 

 metallic ores, in Transylvania, Co- 

 lorado, etc. It is used in the manu- 

 facture of ferromanganese. 



Rhododendron (Gr. rhodon, 

 rose ; dendron, tree). Genus of 

 evergreen shrubs and trees of the 

 natural order Ericaceae. They are 

 natives of the East Indies, China, 

 Japan, India, the mountains of 

 Europe, and N. America, and have 

 been introduced into Britain at 

 various dates since 1656, when 

 R. hirsutum, the hairy alpenrose, 

 came from Switzerland. The ten- 

 der kinds need ordinary green- 

 house treatment in pots, at an 

 average temperature of 50 F. to 



Rhodian Ware. Turkish jug with 

 blue background, 16th century 



Bycourteiy of the Director, Victoria and 

 Albert Museum 



Rhododendron. Flower cluster of 

 the hardy shrub 



60 F., during the winter and early 

 spring, and they may be placed 

 out of doors during the summer 

 months. The more important 

 hardy species may be planted any- 

 where, in good soil that is free from 

 lime, while many kinds prefer peat. 



They may be planted at any time 

 in autumn or spring, and should be 

 mulched after flowering in May 

 with well-rotted manure. The flow- 

 ers are of all shades and colours, 

 except blue. The hardy purple- 

 flowered rhododendron, R. ponti- 

 cum, is an excellent subject for the 

 wild garden, and miscellaneous 

 belts of shrubs on the outer ring 

 of cultivation, and also in newly 

 made woods as a covert plant. 

 Rhododendrons are propagated by 

 seeds or by layers taken in spring 

 or autumn. Choice seedlings are 

 sometimes grafted upon R. ponti- 

 cum and other robust species. 

 There are over 200 species. 



Rhodonite (Gr. rhodon, rose). 

 In mineralogy, name given to a 

 manganese silicate belonging to 

 the pyroxene group of minerals, in 

 which part of the manganese has 

 been replaced by iron, calcium, or 

 zinc. The mineral has a glassy 

 appearance, is some shade of red in 

 colour usually, and is found in 

 Scandinavia, Germany, Russia, N. 

 America, etc. Some varieties are 

 cut and polished for gem stones. 



