RIBOT 



the council, or prime minister, 

 1892-93, being also minister of the 

 interior. In 1895 he was again 

 president of the council, combining 

 the position with that of minister 

 of finance. In June, 1914, he was 

 for the third time prime minister, 

 but only for a couple of days. 

 After the outbreak of the Great 

 War he was minister of finance, 

 1915, and prime minister once 

 more, March-Sept., 1917, becoming 

 thereafter minister for foreign 

 affairs till the fall of the cabinet of 

 Painleve' in Nov., 1917. He was a 

 member of the French Academy. 

 He wrote a Life of Lord Erskine, 

 1866, and died, Jan. 13, 1923. 



Ribot, THEODULE ARMAND 

 (1839-1916). French psychologist. 

 Born Dec. 13, 1839, he became a 

 teacher, and was for some years 

 engaged in that calling. In 1876 he 

 founded The Philosophical Review, 

 and in 1885 began to lecture on 

 psychology. In 1888 he was made 

 professor of psychology at the 

 College de France. Ribot defines 

 psychology as the science of facts 

 which appear under two insepar- 

 able aspects the internal or con- 

 scious, and the physiological. In- 

 trospection, the examination of 

 our own thoughts and feelings, 

 being individual and limited, needs 

 to be supplemented by external 

 observation. He is the author of 

 important works on English and 

 German psychology ; Diseases of 

 the Will, Memory, and Personality 

 The Psychology of Attention and 

 the Emotions, etc. Many of his 

 books have been translated into 

 English. He died Dec. 9, 1916. 



Ribston Hall. Mansion in 

 Yorkshire (W.R.), England. It is 

 on the Nidd, 3 m. from Knares- 

 borough. Early in the 13th cen- 

 tury it belonged to the Knights 

 Templars, who held it until 1311, 

 when the property passed to the 

 crown. In 1324 it was handed 

 over to the Knights Hospitallers of 

 S. John of Jerusalem, who held it 

 until the Reformation. Later it 

 came into the hands of the Good- 

 ricke family, who rebuilt it in 1674. 

 In its gardens, in 1709, the first 

 Ribston pippin was planted by 

 Sir Henry Goodricke, who intro- 

 duced it from Normandy. 



R.I.C. Abbrev. for Royal Irish 

 Constabulary (q.v.). 



Ricardo, DAVID (1772-1823). 

 British political economist. Born 

 in London of Jewish family, April 

 19, 1772, he made a large fortune 

 on the stock exchange, and took a 

 keen interest in economic and 

 scientific questions. In 1809 ap- 

 peared his letters to The Morning 

 Chronicle on depreciation of cur- 

 rency. Other works followed in 

 1815-16, and in 1817 came his 



chief work, Principles of Political 

 Economy and Taxation. It is 

 chiefly noted for his exposition of 

 the theory of 

 economic rent. 

 Retired from 

 business after 

 1814, Ricardo 

 represented 

 Portarlington 

 in Parliament 

 from 1819 on- 

 wards, and 



was an active David Ricardo , British 

 spokesman of political economist 

 the Radical After T. Phiinpt 

 wing. He died 



at Gatcombe Park, Gloucestershire, 

 Sept. 11, 1823. See Political Econ- 

 omy ; Rent ; consult also Works, 

 with notice by J. R. McCulloch, 

 1888; David Ricardo, J. H. Hol- 

 lander, 1910. 



Ricasoli, BETTING, BARON 

 (1809-80). Italian statesman. 

 Born at Broglio, Tuscany, March 

 19, 1809, and early left an orphan, 

 he came into the family property 

 and soon demonstrated patriotic 

 sympathies. His paper, La Patria, 

 was founded in 1847, and in the 

 disturbances of the next year he was, 

 for a while, 

 gonfaloniere of 

 Florence. He 

 continued to 

 exercise c o n- 

 siderable influ- 

 ence and was 

 instrumental in 

 bringing about 

 the union 

 of Tuscany 

 and Piedmont, 



1860. On the death of Cavour, 



1861, Ricasoli became prime 

 minister, and, by his friendly atti- 

 tude towards Mazzini and his at- 

 tempt to open relations with Pius 

 IX, did his utmost to smooth the 

 way for Italian progress. Resign- 

 ing in 1862, he entered office again 

 four years later and renewed his 

 attempts to placate the Vatican. 

 The nation was not, however, with 

 him, and he was obliged to resign 



Baron Ricasoli, 

 Italian statesman 



Matteo Ricci, 

 Jesuit missionary 



Ribston Hall. Garden front of the Yorkshire mansion 



By eourtety of Country Life, Ltd, 



after a few months. He died Oct. 

 23, 1880. 



Riccarton. Parish of Ayrshire, 

 Scotland, now a suburb of Kil- 

 marnock. It stands on the left 

 bank of the Irvine, opposite Kil- 

 marnock. Arouc.d are coal mines. 

 The name is a corruption of 

 Richardstown, called after Richard 

 Wallace, brother of William Wal- 

 lace, who lived near here. In 1638 it 

 was made a burgh and it remained 

 so until the parish was united with 

 Kilmarnock (q.v.) in 1871. 



Ricci, MATTEO (1552-1610). 

 Jesuit missionary. Born at Mace- 

 rata on Oct. 6, 1552, he studied law 

 in Rome, but 

 entered tie 

 I Society of 

 ' Jesus in 1571. 

 He went to 

 India, 1577, 

 completing his 

 studies at 

 G o a, and, 

 after some 

 discouraging 

 attempts, suc- 

 ceeded in ob- 

 taining a 

 footing for 

 missionary 

 enterprise i n 

 China, 1583. Having worked at 

 Chowkingfu, 1583-89, and at Chao- 

 chow, 1589-95, after many diffi- 

 culties he penetrated to Peking, 

 and in 1600 he obtained permission 

 to establish himself in the capital. 

 He published a valuable book of 

 memoirs and information relative 

 to Chinese history. Ricci died at 

 Peking, May 11, 1610. 



Rice (Oryza saliva). Grass of 

 the natural order Gramineae, 

 native of Asia and Australia. It is 

 very variable under different condi- 

 tions, being extensively cultivated 

 in all countries where there are 

 marshy lands and a temperature 

 between 60 and 80 Fah., which 

 is requisite for the ripening of the 

 grain. Fifty or more varieties are 

 known, of which about twenty have 

 been described as species. The 

 - flowers are pro- 

 i duced in a some- 

 ] what pyramidal 

 plume. Each fruit 

 or grain of rice 

 stands on a sepa- 

 rate footstalk. 



In average 

 Burma rice the un- 

 husked berry is 

 composed of carbo- 

 hydrates, 77 p.c. ; 

 proteins, 8 p.c. ; 

 fats, li p.c. ; fibre, 

 1 p.c. ; ash, 1 p.c. ; 

 moisture, 11 p.c. 

 Theproteinelcment 

 is almost whollv 



