R1PON 



Ripon. City and mun. borough 

 of Yorkshire ( W.R. ), England. On 

 the Ure, it is 214 m. from London 



. and 24 m. from 



Leeds, and is 

 served by the 

 N.E. Rly. The 

 chief building is 

 the cathedral, 

 which replaced 

 an earlier one, of 

 which the crypt 

 Ripon arms remains. Its 

 erection occupied about three cen- 

 turies, and consequently it displays 

 all styles of architecture, from the 

 Norman apse through the Tran- 

 sitional transepts to the Perpen- 

 dicular work in the choir and else- 

 where. It was restored in 1862-72. 

 The chapel of the hospital of S. Mary 

 Magdalen is a Norman building. 

 The city has some old almshouses, 

 including the hospitals of S. John 

 the Baptist and S. Anne, a modern 

 town hall, and a museum. The 

 episcopal palace is just outside the 

 town. There is a lofty obelisk in 

 the market place. Ripon is a spa, 

 having baths and a pump room. 

 It has a trade in agricultural pro- 

 duce and manufactures of leather 

 goods. Near are Studley Royal 

 (q.v.) and Fountains Abbey (q.v-). 

 Ripon grew up around an abbey 

 founded in the 7th century, Wilfrid, 

 to whom the cathedral is dedica- 

 ted, being the first abbot. It was 

 soon made a corporate town, and 

 had fairs and markets which, until 

 1880, belonged to the archbishop 

 of York or the ecclesiastical com- 

 missioners. It became famous for 

 its cloth, and later for the quality 

 of its spurs. The chief official was 

 known until 1604 as the wakeman, 

 and a horn is still blown in the 

 market square every evening at 

 9 o'clock. It was made the seat of 

 a bishop in 1836, the cathedral 

 having previously been a collegiate 

 church. Ripon was separately re- 

 presented in Parliament until 1885. 

 The treaty of Ripon was signed 

 here between Charles I and the 

 Scots in 1640. Pop. 8,200. 



Ripon, FRED- 

 ERICK JOHN 

 ROBINSON, IST 

 EARL OF (1782- 

 1859). British 

 statesman. 

 Born in Lon- 

 don, Oct. 30, 

 1782, the sec- 

 ond son of the 

 second Baron 

 Grantham, he 

 was edu- 

 cated at 

 Harrow and 

 Cambridge. 

 He early 



took Up a After Sir T. Lawrence 



6631 



RIPON 



Ripon, Yorkshire. West front of the cathedral 



political career, becoming M.P. for 

 Carlo w in 1806, and in 1807 for 

 Ripon, which he represented for 

 nearly 20 years. He filled many 

 public offices, being president of 

 the board of trade, 1818-23 ; chan- 

 cellor of the exchequer, 1823-27, in 

 which capacity he was nicknamed 

 by Cobbett " Prosperity Robin- 

 son " ; secretary of state for the 

 colonies, 1827 ; first lord of the 

 treasury, 1827-28 ; secretary of 

 state for the colonies, 1830-33 ; 

 lord privy seal, 1833-34; president 

 of the board of control, 1843-46. 

 He was created Viscount Goderich 

 in 1827 and earl of Ripon in 1833. 

 He died Jan. 28, 1859. 



Ripon, GEORGE FREDERICK 

 SAMUEL ROBINSON, IST MARQUESS 

 OF (1827-1909). British states- 

 man. Born Oct. 24, 1827, when his 

 father, Viscount Goderich, later 

 earl of Ripon, was prime minister, 

 he was educated privately. His 

 early opinions were liberal, and 

 these were deepened by his friend- 

 ship with Charles Kingsley, Thomas 

 Hughes, and other Christian social- 

 ists. In 1852 he entered parlia- 

 ment as M.P. for Hull, and he held 

 other Yorkshire seats until 1859, 

 when he succeeded his father as earl 

 of Ripon and his uncle as Earl de 

 Grey. In 1859 also he became 

 under-secretary for war under 

 Palmereton, and he held minor 

 office until 1863. 



Earl de Grey and Ripon then 

 entered the Liberal cabinet as 

 secretary for war, and from that 

 time he was 

 one of the 

 leaders of his 

 party. In 1866 

 he was secre- 

 tary for India, 

 and in 1868 

 Gladstone 

 made him lord 

 president of 

 the council. 

 He was chairman 

 o f fjjQ commission 

 appointed to settle 

 the Alabama dispute, and his suc- 

 cess therein was recognized when he 

 was made a marquess in 1871. He 

 resigned his cabinet office suddenly 

 in 1873. Ripon's next important 

 post was that of governor-general 

 of India, which he held from 1880 

 to 1884, a difficult time owing to 

 troubles in Afghanistan. In 1886 he 

 was first lord of the admiralty ; 

 from 1892-95 he was secretary for 

 the colonies, and from 1905-8 lord 

 privy seal and Liberal leader in the 

 Lords. He retired in 1908, and died 

 at Studley Royal, near Ripon, 

 July 9, 1909. Since 1873 Ripon had 

 been a Roman Catholic. His son, 

 Frederick (1852-1923), a noted 

 shot, long known as Earl de Grey, 

 succeeded him. See, Studley Royal ; 

 consult also Life, L. Wolf, 1921 



