ROCHESTER 



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stalls.' ' Equal in interest to the 

 cathedral is the Norman castle, 

 one of the most complete ruins of 

 its kind. The main relic is the 

 massive keep, and the grounds are 

 public property. Notable churches 

 are those of S. Margaret and S. 

 Nicholas. The guildhall is a 17th 

 century building, and there are 

 remains of the bishop's palace 

 and the town walls. The ruins of 

 Gundulph's Tower perpetuate the 

 name of an early bishop. King's 

 School was founded in 1544. Two 

 old houses are Eastgate House, 

 now a museum, and Restoration 

 House. Near are Gad's Hill Place, 

 the residence of Charles Dickens, 

 and the Borstal prison. 



The industries include the manu- 

 facture of cement, agricultural 

 implements, steel, and oilcake, and 

 there is some shipping. The 

 town has a service of electric 

 tramways. Both the Britons and 

 the Romans had a settlement where 

 Rochester stands, this being an im- 

 portant point on the Medway. 

 Soon after the arrival of S. Augus- 

 tine, the king of Kent founded a 

 church and made it a bishopric. 

 Rochester was early a corporate 

 town, its first charter dating from 

 1165. Pop. (1921)31,261. 



Rochester. Third largest city 

 and a port of entry of New York, 

 U.S.A., the co. seat of Monroe co. 

 It stands on both banks of the 

 Genesee river, 7 m. from its mouth 

 in Lake Ontario, 68 m. E.N.E. of 



6655 



' Buffalo, on the r - 

 New York Cen- 

 tral and Hudson 

 River and other . 

 rlys. Across the r 

 river the New 

 York State barge 

 canal is carried 

 by an aqueduct 

 848 ft. long, built 

 in 1838. Among 

 the buildings are 

 the city hall and 

 the masonic tem- 

 ple. Rochester is 

 the seat of a uni- 

 versity. Flour- 

 milling and the 

 manufacture of 

 machinery, camera, and photo- 

 graphic appliances, thermometers, 

 boots and shoes, are industrial in- 

 terests. Settled in 1810, Rochester 

 was incorporated as a village in 

 1817, and became a city in 1834. 

 Pop. 296,000. 



Rochester, EARL OF. English 

 title held by the families of Wilmot 

 and Hyde. It was given to Henry 

 Wilmot, one of the most devoted 

 followers of Charles II, in 1652. 

 He had served Charles I during 

 the Civil War and been made a 

 baron. It became extinct when 

 Charles, the 3rd earl, died in 1681, 

 two years after his father's death. 

 In the same year the earldom was 

 revived for Laurence Hyde, only 

 to become extinct again when 

 his son Henrv died in 1758. 



ROCHESTER 



Rochester, New York. Upper Falls of the Genesee river, 

 with a fall of 96 ft. 



Rochester, JOHN WILMOT, 2ND 

 EARL OF (1647-80). [English cour- 

 tier. Born April 10, 1647, he suc- 

 ceeded to his father's earldom in 

 1658, and graduated from Wadham 

 College, Ox- 

 ford, three 

 years later. 

 After travel- 

 ling in France 

 and Italy, and 

 serving in the 

 navy, he settled 

 at the court of 

 CharlesII,soon 



becoming 2nd Earl of Rochester, 

 known as one of En e lish courtier 

 the most dissolute of the king's com- 

 panions. With a gift for writing deli- 

 cate verse of a satirical nature, his 

 wit made him a general favourite, 



Rochester, Kent. Cathedral from the north-west, showing the Norman west front and modern central tower 



