ROME 



668O 



the baroque period. And the popes, 

 no lens than the emperors, sacri- 

 ficed the work of both their pagan 

 and Christian predecessors to their 

 own, which was in most cases of 

 great merit, though less can be 

 said in favour of the decay in taste 

 of the 18th and the neo-classicism 

 of the 19th centuries. 



From the 15th century onwards 

 we have a series of plans, bird's- 

 eye views, and views of the city 

 which surpasses in completeness 

 anything else of the kind. From 

 these we learn that it was in the 

 pontificate of Sixtus V (1585-90) 

 that Rome took on the outward 

 appearance which it had until 

 after 1870. By the construction 

 of an aqueduct which supplied the 

 hills, he rendered them once more 

 fit for habitation, and the trans- 

 formations which he wrought in the 



streets are noteworthy. The re- 

 erection of many ancient obelisks 

 did much to give them a striking 

 termination. After 1870, the growth 

 of the modem city led not only 

 to the occupation of almost all the 

 areas within the city walls by build- 

 ings, but to the construction of 

 numerous suburbs, which are now 

 regulated in accordance with a plan 

 drawn up by the municipality. 



The fundamental error, however, 

 which was made in the first few 

 years of Rome's life as the capital 

 of Italy, can never be wholly correc- 

 ted ; and, indeed, its consequences 

 must always be felt. Owing to the 

 fact that the new quarters were al- 

 lowed to spring up on all sides of 

 the old city, it has been necessary, 

 and will always be so, to cut new 

 thoroughfares through the centre 

 of it, and the compromise between 



the demands of modern traffic and 

 the claims to preservation of 

 buildings of artistic and historical 

 importance will never be found. 



The most prominent buildings 

 of the modern city are the huge 

 monument to Victor Emmanuel II, 

 on the north side of the Capitol, the 

 law courts, on the right bank of 

 the Tiber, the new Chamber of 

 Deputies, the Banca d'ltalia, and 

 ths principal civil hospital, the 

 Policlinico. None of them is quite 

 worthy of its surroundings. The 

 embankment of the river caused 

 the removal of much that was 

 picturesque. 



All these transformations have 

 led to the discovery of many 

 hitherto unknown monuments of 

 ancient Rome, and in many cases 

 to their inevitable destruction. 

 Much has, however, been done in 



FORUM ROMANUM 



Moris Vatican IT 

 Circus 

 Horti 6aianus 





2. Templum Tcspafiam 



3. ATusSeptunii Sp\rH, 



4. i'arumPacis<Vespasiani> 



5. Ctilumnalhncletmnifrhocae) 



Bcference toBumbers 



Z.Tcmp.Javif (CapitsUum) 



4. Temp, drcris 

 B.Arcuj Gnistontini 

 e. Janus Quodri/lms 

 7. T 



ROME (ANCIENT) 



753 B.C.- 475 A. 0. ' 

 Scale of Yards 



9.J>rLsilLca. Ulfxa- 

 10. For 'Jtvi,nu, 



13. Stadium, Damittnni 

 et, Sfrapewn* 

 15 Ton 'Vi>j>-p<isianL 

 16. Ojil' 



Jtmutinat erected bftivecn.TS3n.C.f 

 OieitwAofAinniftittXSD.C. I 

 Buddings crefz 



English names of places indicated by numbers, i. Baths 

 of Alex. Severus. 2. Temple'of Jupiter (Capitol). 3. Tern, 

 of Mater Matuta (Cattle mkt.). 4. Tern, of Ceres. 5. Arch 

 of Constantine. 6. Arch of Janus with four faces. 7. Tern, 

 of Minerva. 8. C9lon. of Octavia. 9. Basilica of Trajan. 

 10. Forum of Trajan. ,11. For. of Augustus. 12. For. 

 of Nerva. 13. Stadium of Domitian. 14. Tern, of Isis 

 and Serapis. 15. For. of Vespasian. 16. Col. of Marcus 

 Aurelius. 17. Crematorium. 18. Swine Mkt. 19. Camp 

 of Praetorian Guards. 20. Circus of Caligula. 21. Train- 

 ing Stables. 22. Sundial. 23. Concert hall of Domitian. 

 24. Voting enclosures of Julius Caesar. 25. Public Villa. 

 26. Provision Mkt. of Livia. 27. Cattle Mkt. 28. Golden 

 House of Nero. 29. Court of Law. 30. Great Circus. 



31. Tern, of Queen Juno. 32. Grove of Furrina. 33. Tern, 

 of Jupiter and Liberty. 34. Granaries of Galba. 



Roman Forum : i. "Arch of Titus. 2. Tern, of Vespasian. 

 3. Arch of Septimius Severus. 4. For. of Peace (of Ves- 

 pasian). 5. Col. of Diocletian (Phocas). 6. Orators' plat- 

 forms. 7. Black Stone, .v 8. Arch of Augustus.. 9. Spring 

 of Juturna. 10. Tern.' of Vesta. . n. Tern, of Marcus 

 Aurelius and Faustina. 12. Mamertine dungeon. 13. 

 Senate House. 14. Voting place. 15. Record office. 16. 

 Pool of Curtius. 17. Altar of Julius Caesar. 18. Palace of 

 Numa. 19. House of the Vestals. 20. Granaries. 



Latin terms and their equivalents in English: Aqua, 

 aqueduct ; collis, hill ; horti, gardens ; mons, hill ; potts 

 bridge; porta, gate; thermae, baths; vicus, street. 



