Landon Ronald, 

 British musician 



Runtlt 



ROMULUS 



sacred games, during the progress 

 of which the Sabine women were 

 seized by the Romans. This led to 

 a- war with the Sabines, which was 

 ended by the interposition of the 

 women who had been seized, and 

 the Romans and the Sabines agreed 

 to become one nation. 



Romulus was king, first with the 

 Sabine Titus Tatius as colleague, 

 and latterly alone. He was 

 taken up to heaven in a fiery 

 chariot by his father Mars, and 

 thereafter worshipped by the 

 Romans as a god under the name 

 Quirinus. See Quirites; Rome. 



Romulus Augustulus. Last 

 Roman emperor of the West, A.D. 

 476. See Augustulus. 



Ronald, SIR LANDON (b. 1873). 

 British musician. Born in London, 

 June 7, 1873, his family name being 

 Russell, he 

 studied at the 

 Royal College 

 of Music, 

 1885-90, ap- 

 peared on the 

 platform as a 

 pianist, 1890. 

 and conducted 

 light opera on 

 tour. Reacted 

 as Mel ba' s 

 accompanist, 

 1894, and conducted opera at 

 Covent Garden, 1895. He con- 

 ducted many famous Continental 

 orchestras, 1908-9, andbecamecon- 

 ductor of the New Symphony 

 (now Royal Albert Hall) Orchestra, 

 1908. He instituted successful con- 

 cert series at Birmingham and 

 Blackpool, and in 1910 became 

 principal of the Guildhall School of 

 Music. His compositions include 

 much incidental music for stage 

 production.", e.g. The Garden of 

 Allah, 1920, and over 200 songs. 

 In 1922 he was knighted. 



Ronald Megaw Prize. Naval 

 prize. It was founded in 1906 in 

 memory of Midshipman Ronald 

 Megaw, who was killed accident- 

 ally aboard H.M.S. Montagu, Nov. 

 11, 1904. From the interest upon 

 a sum of 1,000 a presentation 

 sword, books, etc., are given an- 

 nually to the sub-lieutenant who 

 obtains the highest place during 

 the preceding year in the various 

 examinations for promotion. 



Ronalds, SIR FRANCIS (1788- 

 1873). British scientist. Born 

 Feb. 21, 1788, and educated 

 privately, he made a study of 

 electricity. In 1816 he made the 

 first experimental electric tele- 

 graph, laying down eight miles of 

 wire at Hammersmith, and trans- 

 mitting signals by means of syn- 

 chronised rotating disks. His in- 

 vention was rejected by the 

 admiralty, and after publishing 



Sir Francis Ronalds 

 British scientist 



6691 



details of it in 1823, Ronalds took 

 no further interest in it. In 1 843 he 

 was made director of the Meteoro 

 logical Observ- 

 atory at Kew, 

 and while 

 there he in- 

 vented photo- 

 graphic s e 1 f- 

 recording i n- 

 struments, 

 which began 

 to be used in 

 1845. This in- 

 vention was of 

 great practical importance in all 

 work connected with automatic 

 registration for scientific purposes. 

 His invention of the telegraph was 

 developed by Wheatstone and 

 others, the former of whom ac- 

 knowledged the debt he owed 

 Ronalds. Knighted in 1871 in 

 recognition of his work as a 

 pioneer in the electric telegraph. 

 Ronalds died Aug. 8, 1873. 



Ronaldshay. Two islands ot 

 the Orkneys, Scotland. North 

 Ronaldshay, the most northerly 

 of the islands, is 3 m. long and 

 2 m. broad, and the surface is 

 mainly low and flat. At Burrian 

 are the ruins of a castle. The North 

 Ronaldshay Firth, which separates 

 it from Sanday, is dangerous to 

 navigation. Pop. 440. 



South Ronaldshay is the most 

 southerly of the Orkney Islands. 

 It is 8 m. long and 4 m. broad, with 

 a low, level surface, and is well cul- 

 tivated. The island has two old 

 churches and remains of several 

 Picts' Houses. Pop. 2,000. The 

 title of earl of Ronaldshay is borne 

 by the eldest son of the marquess 

 of Zetland. 



Ronaldshay, LAWRENCE JOHN 



LUMLEY DUNDAS, EARL OF (b. 1876). 



British politician. Born June 11, 

 1876, the son 

 of the 1st mar- 

 q u e s s of 

 Zetland, and 

 educated a t 

 Harrow and 

 Trinity College, 

 Cambridge, he 

 travelled 

 widely in the 

 Earl of Ronaldshay, Far East, 

 British politician visiting India, 

 where he was aide-de-camp to the 

 viceroy, 1900, Persia, China, Japan, 

 Siberia, and other countries. The 

 results of his observations were 

 embodied in several volumes, in- 

 cluding On the Outskirts of Empire 

 in Asia, 1904, and A Wandering 

 Student in the Far East, 1908. 

 He was Unionist M.P. for Hornsey, 

 1907-16, and in the latter year was 

 appointed governor of Bengal. 

 His term of office ended in March. 

 1922. 



RONDEAU 



Roncesvalles OR 

 Village of Spain, in the prov. of 

 Navarre. It lies in the Pyrenees, 

 5 m. S. of the French frontier and 

 21 m. N.E. of Pampeluna. It is 

 famous as the scene of the defeat of 

 the rearguard of Charlemagne by 

 Roland (q.v.), and there is a re- 

 markable 13th century pilgrimage 

 church containing relics of the pala- 

 din. The library of the monastic 

 house in the village has many 

 valuable documents. Pop. 180. 



Ronda. Town of Spain, in the 

 prov. of Malaga. It stands on the 

 Guadalevin river, .43 m. W. of 

 Malaga and 44 m. by rly. S.W. of 

 Bobadilla on the Algeciras Rly. It 

 is placed on both sides of a deep, 

 rocky gorge, surrounded by mts. 

 at an alt. of 2,460 ft. The river 



Ronda, Spain. Bridge ever the 

 rocky gorge of the Guadalevin 



is spanned by three bridges. The 

 old town was built by the Moors ; 

 the new one was founded by the 

 Catholic kings after the siege of 

 1485. Besides some Roman and 

 Moorish relics, Ronda has one of 

 the largest and finest bull-rings in 

 Spain. Pop. 22,700. 



Rondeau. Development of the 

 early French native songs made 

 for the accompaniment of dancing 

 or household work. It was in- 

 augurated by Guillaume de Mach- 

 ault (1295-1377), and elaborated 

 by the French lyrical poets who 

 followed him. The recurring re- 

 frain is its characteristic feature. 

 The rondeau consists of three 

 parts, the first of five lines, the 

 second of three, and the third of 

 five, with the first word, or the 

 first half, of the first line repeated 

 at the end of the second and third 

 parts. The lines are generally 

 octosyllabic and there are but two 

 rhymes. The formula is : aabba ; 

 aab, refrain; aabba, refrain. See 

 Poetry ; Rhyme. 



