66 



INTRODUCTION. 



term Philosophy ; and as the first part will deal with 

 the scientific, so will the second deal with the philo- 

 sophical thought of our century. 



Science has gradually risen out of the mass of accu- 

 mulated but inaccurate and disorderly knowledge by 

 the desire of making it accurate, orderly, and useful. 

 Philosophy has similarly emerged from the great world 

 of speculative thought by the desire of carrying it 

 on methodically and for a defined end and purpose. 

 Nevertheless neither the one nor the other, nor both 

 together, really exhaust the whole meaning of the word 

 " Thought " ; neither science nor philosophy covers the 

 whole region of thought. Both are comprised under the 

 term methodical thought; but there remains the great 

 12. body of unmethodical, undefined thought. This is buried 



Neither . . 



science nor m general literature, in poetry, fiction, and art ; it shows 



philosophy 



its practical influence in the artistic, moral, and religious 

 life of our age. It is a reflection of the knowledge of 

 science or the light of philosophy, but, like all reflected 

 light, it not only follows, it also precedes the real and full 

 light : it is not only the dusk that comes after, it is also 

 the dawn that comes before the day, it is the twilight 

 of thought. In it lie hidden the germs of future thought, 

 the undeveloped beginnings of art, philosophy, and science 



in the liter- 

 yet unknown and undreamt of ; it encloses and surrounds 



the innermost recesses of the mind, where all thought had 

 its origin, and whence it ever and again draws fresh life 

 and inspiration. 1 



comprises 

 the whole 

 meaning of 

 the word 

 thought. 



13. 



Thought 



ature and 

 art of the 

 age, 



1 This is originally a Leibnizian 

 idea. It is laid down in the doctrine 

 of the petites perceptions, as given 



in the introduction to the ' Nou- 

 veaux Essais,' and referred to in 

 many passages of Leibniz's various 



