TAXES AND CONTRIBUTIONS. 163 



and among several others, the Earl of Suffolk and his wife Alice 

 100. The costs of the marches of Scotland and Aquitaine, 

 and the government of Ireland, amount to 10,899 I 3- r ' 4^* 

 The annuities paid to ministers are 1800. An allowance of 

 5000 marks is made to the Duke of Gloucester, while other 

 grants raise this head of expenditure to 5503 3.$-. ^d. The 

 cost of the state prisoners, the Duchess of Orleans and Bourbon, 

 the Count Eu, the charge of ambassadors (2,626 i$s. 4d.) and 

 other particulars, make a further head of 3723 6s. %d. The cost 

 of Calais is reckoned at 11,930 i6s. y^d. The total charges 

 on the crown are 56,878 4^. ioj^., and therefore, says the 

 document, the burdens exceed the revenues, omitting from the 

 latter item customs and subsidies, by 47,887 js. 4\d. 



The outstanding debts of the household are 11,101 os. yd. 

 The unpaid annuities and salaries of the household are 

 19,224 us. <)\d., the loans due to the king's relations and 

 others (one is of 10,000 marks to the Cardinal) are 19,861 

 6s. 5J*/., the unpaid grants to the king's attendants 2899 5^., 

 the keepers of the prisoners claim 1154 4s. 9i</., and the 

 arrears due for military operations, castles, &c. j 10,584 2,s. 6d. t 

 so that, apart from the annual deficit, the Crown was in debt 

 to the amount of 164,814 us. \\d. These are exclusive of 

 some other liabilities for which complete security is held. The 

 treasurer prayed that his accounts should be inspected, and the 

 Dukes of Bedford and Gloucester, the Cardinal Bishop of 

 Winchester, and other Lords of the Council, were appointed 

 to undertake the duty. The evils of -a long minority, the 

 quarrels of the king's family, the rapacity of those who quartered 

 themselves on the hereditary estate of the crown and had 

 reduced it to so small an annual amount, were mischievous 

 enough, but there was added to them the waste of a prolonged 

 and costly war, in which adventurers won rank and fortune, but 

 the king nothing except debts and difficulties, while the people 

 were incessantly and necessarily pestered for subsidies and 

 grants. The poor treasurer, who died some years afterwards 

 one of the richest men in England, complains of the claims for 



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