AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS AND TOOLS. 433 



1553 New College buys its Warden a Spanish saddle at a cost 

 of z$s. In 1557 the cost of the Magdalen President's saddle 

 is 33^. 4d. In the next year the Provost of King's is supplied 

 at a cost of 395-. In 1561 Cambridge gives 2$s., Oxford $2s. 

 In 1563 Magdalen lays out %Ss. 4^. for a saddle and trap- 

 pings ; in 1564, 38^.; in 1570, 385-. In 1571 All Souls pays 

 Q2s. $d. for the Warden's saddle, and 23.$-. nd. for the Sub- 

 warden's, In 1581 the President's saddle and bridle cost 

 59^. 3^., and in 1582 the Warden of New College is supplied 

 at a cost of 2,43. for a saddle and 3^. lod. for a bridle. 



Cheaper articles are a male saddle, which is, I presume, a 

 pillion for carrying a chest in 1541, at Ss. ; two saddles in 

 1543 and 1546 at 5.$-., and one in 1545 at ics. A packsaddle is Ss. 

 in 1548 ; a saddle with stirrups in the same year is Ss. ; another, 

 in 1550, is bought for Ss. ; another, in 1551, for IDS. One in 

 1551, for los. ; one in 1553, for i2s. Sd., and another for js. 6d.\ 

 one in 1555 for 6s. Sd. ; a saddle and bit in 1556 for los. iod., 

 and two at i$s. 4d. ; a saddle and bit in 1558 for 14.?., and a 

 saddle and bridle for i6s. Sd. ; four new ones bought by Corpus, 

 Oxford, in 1560, at Ss. io\d. each ; three by the same college in 

 1563 at IQS. each; three by the same college in 1566 at Ss. ; 

 three Scottish saddles in 1574 by the same college at ijs. each, 

 and a new saddle and bridle by the same college in 1580 

 .for 22s. 



The average price of the more costly saddles in the first 

 period is 14^. id. ; of the cheaper kind, $s. i\d. In the second 

 period, the average price of the best saddles is 38^. 3!^., of the 

 inferior los. iod. 



In my previous volumes I found no mention of stirrups in 

 the accounts. My first entry implying these articles is in 

 1454, when stirrups, leathers, and a collar cost is. In 1482 the 

 same articles cost is. 6d. Pairs of stirrups are very variously 

 priced. Five pairs before 1540 are is. id., Sd., is. id., 6d., and 

 2d. In 1549 a P air f stirrups costs 2s. ^d. ; in 1565, 3^. The 

 set of leathers does not alter in price. 



Six entries of bits before 1540, generally described as pairs, 



