6 14 SUNDRF ARTICLES. 



kitchen utensils. It may be convenient to take them in alpha- 

 betical order. 



A brandiron appears to be the name commonly used in the 

 fifteenth century for a gridiron. One, described as < long,' is 

 bought in 1431 for 3.$-. 8d. The article appears under the 

 name of a branding-iron in 1461, when it costs is. 4d. In 

 1564 it costs 4s. gd. A gridiron is bought for 3^. M. in 1558, 

 and for 5.$-. lod. in 1564. The brandiron and gridiron are 

 both bought by New College, Oxford, so that in the sixteenth 

 century there may be a difference in the terms. 



A 'broche,' i.e. a spit, costs yd. in 1410. In 1431 two iron 

 spits are bought at Oxford for is. 6d. and lod. In 1539 a new 

 spit costs 5^., and in 1579 a sc l uare s pit 1S bought by Corpus, 

 Oxford, for is., the larger and more costly article being pur- 

 chased for Magdalen. The veru of 1557 at Cambridge, which 

 is only 6d., must have been a large skewer. I do not find 

 a kitchen-jack till 1582, when one is purchased by King's 

 College for 24s. 



Caldrons and boilers are made of copper, brass, and even 

 lead. In 1476 a caldron costs 6s. %d. In 1459 a 'great 

 twenty-four gallon pan ' is valued in Fastolfe's goods at 40^. 

 In 1489 a six gallon pan costs 6s. id. In 1495 a great pan 

 is bought for ios. In 1510 Oriel College gives 6s. 8d. for a 

 'cacabus' ; in 1569 New College Js. for the same article, while 

 in 1580 the same college pays 40^. for a great brass pot. In 

 1431 a great leaden boiler is bought for 24^. at Oxford, and 

 another for us. In 1563 there is an entry of iron pots in the 

 Deptford dockyard accounts at 8s. 



Cleavers are bought at M. in 1449, at is. in 1550, at is. lod. 

 and is. 8d. in 1552, at is. 8d. in 1554 and 1556. A colander 

 for straining peas costs nd. in 1496. In 1564 a colander costs 

 is. 6d.> and in 1568, 4^. The last two are probably brass. 

 The crabicula ferri of 1410 is probably a small gridiron. An 

 elm dresser in 1569 costs 20^. 



Frying-pans are of very various prices. One in 1410 is 

 bought for is. id. But a copper frying-pan in 1432 costs 





