698 ON THE COST OF CARRIAGE. 



1541 two hundred to the same place cost 33.$-. 4^., i.e. i6s. 8d. 

 the hundred. It is not easy to determine what was the size 

 and shape of this expensive timber. But, p. 445, the average 

 price about this time was is. id. The cost of carrying them 

 is id. each by water, and the land carriage, which is effected 

 by eight two-horse carts (bigates) is 24s. the hundred, or 

 nearly $d. each. The timber of 1425 must either have been 

 lighter than that at a later date, when the water carriage is 

 less than a halfpenny a piece, the land a little over a penny, 

 or advantage was taken of a return journey, for it is plain that 

 general prices had not risen notably in 1541 l . 



In 1524 two millstones are sent from London to Henley-on- 

 Thames, almost certainly by water, at 5.$-. ^d. each. In 1330 

 the cost of all the charges for conveying millstones by water, 

 from London to Henley, is 35-. 8^. 



In 1437 barley is conveyed from Wroxham, on the river 

 Bure, to Yarmouth by water, at i\d. the quarter. The distance 

 is at least thirty miles, for the Bure winds greatly. 



There are some entries of carriage by sea. Thus, in 1467, 

 1471, and 1472, freight from Folkestone to Sandwich is is. ^d. 

 a ton. The same rate is paid from Folkestone to Dover. 

 Freight from the Isle of Wight to Bramber is $s. a ton. From 

 Gravesend to Rochester the rate is lod. a load, from Graves- 

 end to London is. a ton. From Dartford to London it is 

 4</. a ton. In 1437 wheat is carried from Sidlesham, near 

 Chichester, to Battle by sea, at %d. a quarter. The distance 

 must be sixty miles. 



Some sea freights to Durham in 1533 are also suggestive. 

 Ten barrels of herrings are carried at ^d. each ; a tun of wine 

 from Newcastle for zs. 4d. ; eighteen barrels of herrings from 

 Shields for is. together. In the same year five hogsheads of 

 wine are conveyed from King's Lynn to Hunstanton at a little 

 under yd. each, i.e. about 18 miles. In 1562 two hoys of 40 



1 The cost of carrying these wainscots shows that at this time these pieces of orna- 

 mental timber must have been very large, since 200 (2 c) required eight carts from 

 Henley to Oxford. 



