LAND CARRIAGE. COARSE GOODS. 703 



In 1484 forty loads of timber are carried from Kirtlington 

 to Heyford mill at $d. each. The distance is a little over five 

 miles. In 1485 Oriel College pays 8d. a load for timber from 

 Stowford wood, then nearly five miles of road from Oxford ; in 

 1515, yd. In 1488 Merton pays iid. and is. from Stow wood, 

 fully six miles by the road then in existence. In 1490 8d. is 

 paid for carrying timber by the load from Shotover wood, 

 about five miles off; in 1494 lod. 



In 1496 the carriage of stone from Teynton is zs. and 

 is. \\\d. the load. This is less than a penny per mile. In 

 1500 five hundred feet of Nailsea stone are taken to Churchill, 

 at least seven miles, at ^d. the hundred, and five bushels of 

 lime from Bristol, more than fourteen miles, for ^d. 



I have not commented on the carriage of hay as yet, for 

 reasons which will be given below. But there are entries in 

 Cambridgeshire at this period which are instructive. In 1506 

 hay was carried by the bigate from Over, about n miles 

 distant, at a little below 7^., the quantity being large, and in 

 1510 at is. 



In 1518 a load from Dorchester, in Oxfordshire, to Oxford 

 is 2s. This place is by the present road ten miles distant 

 from Oxford. It is possible that the road has been shortened 

 in modern times. But the rate is high, nearly %\d. the mile. 

 In 1557 a load from the same place is $s. 



In 1528 seven loads are carried from Fairford at 2s. 8d. 

 The distance in a straight line is twenty-three miles, and by 

 the road is thirty. Here, again, we have about id. per mile. 



In the same year York Minster gives 16 los. for the 

 carriage of 120 loads of stone from * Hamphall by Doncaster ' 

 to York, i.e. is. yd. a load. The quarry is probably that 

 at what is now called Hampole, a place about 7^ miles 

 north-west of Doncaster. In a straight line Doncaster is 

 thirty miles south of York. The rate is again a little over id. 

 per mile, as is the carriage of six tons of stone from London, 

 i.e. the city, to Greenwich in 1532 at 6d. 



In 1533 a thousand and a half of bricks are carried from New 



