706 ON THE COST OF CARRIAGE. 



Hinksey is at about the same rate. In 1574 bigates of wood 

 are carried from Shotover at is. ^d. In 1576 loads of hay 

 from Stanton St. John, about seven miles by roads then in use, 

 are conveyed at <2,s., or $\d. the mile. In 1578 the carriage of 

 hay from Magdalen Meadow to the Corpus stables is at is. 4\d. 



In 1579 and 1581 teams are hired to go to Bristol and 

 Westchester at 4^. a mile, and a load of slate from Temp'e 

 Guiting, the carriage of which in 1567 cost 4.$-. id., is now set 

 at 5* 



CARRIAGE OF VALUABLE GOODS BY LAND. In 1406, 

 Potcome, the carrier, engages to bring six pipes of wine from 

 Southampton to Oxford. The distance is between seventy 

 and eighty miles Three carts are employed, and six horses go to 

 each cart. The whole cost is i<\s. iod., i.e. a little over 8s. $d. 

 the journey for each cart. The journey takes ten days, a length 

 of time which plainly implies that the carrier started from 

 Oxford, and includes his out journey in the charge. But the 

 payment, neglecting all account of the out journey, is only a 

 fraction over id. the mile. Again, in the same year, and also 

 in 1452 and 1470, the pannus of cloth is carried from 

 Winchester, nearly seventy miles, for 6d. It could hardly have 

 weighed less than half-a-hundredweight, and was therefore 

 carried at less than id. a ton per mile. If we take six of 

 these panni to have supplied twenty-one liveries, the cost of the 

 carriage of them to London from Oxford in 1409 is at about 

 the same rate. 



In 1413 goods by the carrier were at a little over is. i\d. 

 the cwt. from Oxford to London. In 1437 they are at is. id., 

 in 1488 at is. id., in 1497 at is. id., in 1501 at is. lid., 

 in 1517 at is. id., in 1523 at is. $d., in 1535 at is. ^d., 

 in 1538 at is. *]d. t in 1539 at an average of is. $d., in 1540 at 

 is. ^d., the fact being noted that one of the two entries at this 

 rate was in the winter. The average of these entries is nearly 

 is. %\d. In 1494, 64 gallons of oil was carried from Oxford 

 to London : the old road was nearly sixty miles long, and the 

 payment made is 35-. ^d. Now such an amount of oil with the 





