WINE. BRAND } '. 449 



Deptford, one of whose daughters was married to Lord 

 Lovelace. 



Wine purchased by bulk was of course purchased at a far 

 cheaper rate than when bought on draught from the vintner. 

 Thus if the tun contained 252 gallons, Lord North buys in 

 1583 at less than a shilling a gallon. If the hogshead 

 contained 63 gallons, Shuttleworth's purchases in 1584 are 

 only a little over a shilling a gallon. On the other hand, the 

 tun and the hogsheads at Kirkby Stephen in 1586 are over 

 the market average. 



The tierce contained 42 gallons, or a sixth of the tun. 

 Claret, which is not found in 1661 by draught, is cheap by the 

 bottle, but is only a little over 2s. a gallon by the tierce. In 

 1662 it is less than 2j., and in 1663 and 1665 only a little 

 more. Here at Cambridge the rate on draught is 2s. 8</., and 

 I conclude that the proportion of a little over is. to zs. 8d. 

 represents pretty fairly the proportion between the two kinds 

 of purchase, in bulk and on draught. I am entirely in the 

 dark as to Aubryan, Cawos, and Palm wine. The first is low- 

 priced, it and Sauterne being a little under 4^. the gallon. 

 But I know no more what the piece of Cawos is, than I do the 

 drink. The 'palm wine' of 1702 is dear, being over us. the 

 gallon in bulk. Nor do I know what Deal wine is, a tierce 

 having been bought at Cambridge as early as 1613 at nearly 

 2s. $d. a gallon. 



In the earlier years, hippocras, i.e. spiced and sweetened 

 wine, is found. It is 8s. a gallon in 1587, and 6s. in 1625. I 

 do not know whether burnt claret, found among the Rawlinson 

 papers, under date of 1636, at Oxford, is something of the 

 same kind. 



Brandy, under the name of aqua vitae, is found as early 

 as J6co, when two quarts are bought at an average of Js. tid. 

 the gallon. In 1603 a quart purchased as the former was is 

 at 6s. These are Lord Spencer's. In 1612 three quarts are 

 bought by Shuttleworth at 6s. %d. the gallon, who also buys 

 a bottle of rosa sol is, which is I believe a kind of liqueur, 



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