656 LABOUR AND WAGES. 



The commoner kind of paving is for footpaths, and even for 

 streets, with stone or pebbles as the case may be. An average 

 of thirty-one entries is $\d. a yard. On one occasion, at 

 Canterbury, the yard is expressly said to be, yard by yard and 

 a-half. 



The higher class of paving is much more expensive. Ex- 

 panding the square feet into square yards, the average cost 

 of the paving on which I have already commented is 35. of< 

 a yard. 



In 1592 Eton hires bell-hangers at is. a day; in 1605 they 

 are paid is. id. But in 1619, 1621, and 1622, New College 

 engages one Dubba with his son for this service. In the first 

 year they give the pair 2s. *]\d. a day, in the second 3^., in the 

 third is. ~Lod. and 2s. %d. The clockmaker is paid $s. 7\d. a 

 day for eight days by King's College in 1662. In 1657 a 

 glazier is paid is. 6d. a day; in 1666, 2s. ; but in 1628 King's 

 College pays a glazier and his man 4^. $d. a day, no doubt 

 because they were employed on the chapel windows. In 1593 

 All Souls College engages a surveyor to 'plot' estates at 

 2s. 6d. a day, and in 1595 another at 4s. a day while he is 

 absent, and $s. while he is at home. The art of surveying land 

 was carried to considerable perfection by this time, an excellent 

 specimen of the art, almost at this period, being preserved in 

 the Gamlingay survey, completed in 1603 by Langdon at a 

 cost of 12. These surveys were very necessary to corpora- 

 tions, as disputes constantly arose as to the actual dimensions 

 of College lettings. Another well-paid workman is the book- 

 binder, who is paid for himself and man 2s. ^d. a day in 1598. 

 In 1614 this artisan is paid by the piece, 3^. to 5^. for folios, 

 is. ^d. for quartos, and led. for .octavos. The labour of 

 polishing millstones is also well paid, 2s. a day in 1621. 



The wages of the silversmith might be inferred from the 

 difference between raw silver or old plate, and fashioned 

 articles, but the inference is confirmed by the note of what 

 was actually paid. In 1595, J 6o4, *6i3, anc * 1621 the silver- 

 smith gets 8</. an oz. for his labour. In 1615 King's College 



