AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS AND MATERIALS. 677 



89.$-. 5*/., and in 1626 a pair of cart-wheels, no doubt similarly 

 protected, cost 475-. In 1630 a single cart-wheel with tire and 

 nails is put at 6$s. ^d. In 1610 wrought iron was ^d. a pound, 

 and at this estimate the tire to the pair would have weighed 

 I26J Ibs. In 1585, again, a wain, said to be iron-bound, costs 

 59.?. ; in 1587, a wain, not thus distinguished, is bought at 2os. 

 In 1583 a new shod-cart costs Lord North 40^., in 1594 a new 

 cart is bought by King's College for 26s. 8d., and is no doubt 

 a plain cart, while the brewhouse-cart of 1688 at 55^. 6d. 

 purchased by Winchester College is no doubt protected. In 

 1667 the same place had bought a new waggon with wooden 

 wheels for 44$-. Cart-clouts are occasionally bought at ^d. 

 or $\d., and probably weighed about a pound and a-half. 

 In 1591 they are bought by King's College, in 1601 by 

 Lord Spencer. Now in 1621 the latter buys the same articles, 

 128 Ibs. weight in all, at i\d. a lb., or 2$s. 8d. the cwt., raw iron 

 ranging from 14 to 15 los. the ton. In 1672 the iron tire 

 to wheels, almost certainly a pair, cost Master $\d. a pound, 

 and weighed ic3i Ibs. In 1669 the weight was 82 Ibs.; 

 in 1670, 104 Ibs. In 1672 King's College bought two hind 

 wheels to a carriage, the irons of which cost 42^. At $\d. a 

 pound, this would give 144 Ibs. of wrought iron for a pair of 

 wheels. But at Cambridge wrought iron generally costs ^d. 

 a pound, and the resultant quantity would be 126 Ibs. If 

 therefore the husbandman of the seventeenth century wished 

 to purchase a two-wheeled cart in the later half of the century, 

 it would cost him about 70^. ; if he wished for a four-wheeled 

 waggon, he would have had to pay about 1 2$s. 



Shovels are found far more frequently, in forty-four years of 

 the period, between 1583 and 1686. The price varies greatly, 

 and no doubt the variation is in part due to the extent to which 

 the article was protected by an iron or steel plate. In 1583 a 

 shovel costs All Souls College 6d. t in 1584 King's College gives 

 i s. 6d., while New College pays 4</., the lowest price which I 

 have registered. In 1587 Kingj^ College gives Sd. for an iron- 

 shod shovel. In 1590 the Rochester dockyard buys shod 



