694 SUNDRIES. 



All Souls College in 1677 at is. But in 1632 New College buys 

 a pair for 95., for the Warden's establishment This was of 

 course a much more elaborate piece of workmanship than that 

 which was procured for common use. 



Generally the fire which was kept burning in the hall in 

 winter-time was charcoal. But in some places, where sea-coal 

 was cheap, grates were procured for the purpose. Thus in 

 1583 Lord North puts grates into his hall and kitchen, in the 

 former at the cost of 2,6s. 6d., in the latter, under the name of 

 a radell, at 24^. id. In 1632 an iron grate is bought for the 

 New College Warden at a charge of gs. 6d.> probably for a 

 chamber, though it is very doubtful that sea-coal was custom- 

 arily burnt in Oxford at so early a date. 



In 1624 New College buys a fire-fork for 2s. 8d., and a fire- 

 shovel and tongs for zs. 6d. In 1628 a fire-pan costs King's 

 College 3.9. In 1639 a fire-shovel is bought by New College 

 for 2s. 6d. In 1651 a shovel and tongs cost 3^. 6d. In 1653 

 a fire-fork is is. 8d., a fire-shovel is. ^d. In 1654 a fire-pan 

 costs Eton College zs. 6d., and in 1665 a fire-shovel is is. 6d. 

 In 1663 two fire-pans are at is. 6d. } and in 1665 a fire-shovel 

 is is. 6d. 



Wood fires on an open hearth were probably as common as 

 charcoal fires, and in the kitchen more common. The burning 

 logs, or faggots or tall-wood, were generally heaped on 

 andirons or dogs. In 1630 a pair of dogs costs 7^., in 1649 

 dogs with a fire-shovel and bellows cost us. 6d. In 1656 the 

 pair is 8j. 4d. ; in 1664, $s. ^d. ; in 1670, 6s. 6d. The price of 

 andirons is more various. In 1601 a pair costs 5*.; in 1663, 6s. \ 

 in 1664, ijs. 6d.\ and a single article is. lod. in 1667. In 1654 

 Master gives 12s. for his andirons, fire-shovel, tongs, and 

 bellows. But in 1615 All Souls College buys for the Warden 

 a pair of brass andirons at the cost of 8oj., and in 1626 

 Magdalen College purchases two pair of brass andirons, 

 another pair of iron, a pair of tongs, and a shovel for 

 5 us. *]d. together. 



Pairs of bellows are frequently bought at different prices, 



