ARMS. 735 



I may also refer to entries of pins by the thousand. These 

 occur between 1586 and 1686, at prices between $d. the earliest, 

 and is. 2d. in 1659. The average price of fourteen entries is 

 9 V. Papers of pins are also found in 1654, at $d. 



In my third volume I was able to make a single entry of a 

 clock, bought in Oxford in 1505, but of no watch. The use of 

 these conveniences becomes more familiar now. In 1585 Lord 

 North gave 10 for a striking clock. In 1623 King's College 

 bought from Henry Stone a London clockmaker a chapel clock 

 for jCiS. In 1639 Eton College bought a clock for 11. In 1655 

 the owner of Horsted Keynes bought a clock for 50^., which 

 was of course a house-clock. In 1656 New College gave y los. 

 for a quarter-clock. In 1659 Winchester College bought a 

 new clock and chimes for 34; and in 1670 King's College 

 made another purchase, paying 40. 



In 1588 Lord North bought a watch for jos. In 1675 

 Caryll gave 12 for a watch. In 1684 a silver watch in 

 London is bought for 3 15^-., and in 1687 another watch is 

 purchased for ,3. A sundial costs 5^. in 1658 ; a barometer 

 35j. in 1687. 



ARMS. Arms in the latter half of the sixteenth and in the 

 seventeenth centuries were partly for ornament, partly for use, 

 and the use is either against actual war or private violence. 

 When in 1584 Lord North buys himself a gilt dagger for zos., 

 and in 1585 a rapier and dagger for 30^., and a gilt rapier for 

 20j., and when in 1670 Master purchases a silver sword for 

 215-., the arms are ornamental. When, in 1587-8, arms are 

 purchased in view of the risks of a Spanish invasion, prepara- 

 tion is being made for war ; and towards the latter end of the 

 period it will be found that fire-arms are provided against the 

 risk of highway robbery, a risk which was very constant after 

 the Restoration and the dissoluteness which Charles made the 

 fashion. 



In the year 1587-8 Lord North gives an illustration from 

 liis private accounts of the manner in which hundreds of 

 noblemen and gentlemen, corporations civil and academical, 



