LAND CARRIAGE. 773 



them at the rates at which he would engage to carry large 

 quantities over considerable distances, or so valuable that the 

 cost of carriage must be greatly increased by the implied 

 insurance which the law gave the consignor or consignee 

 against the carrier. 



Such for instance is the cost of a saddle and furniture from 

 London in 1585. The two together did not probably weigh 

 much more than 14 Ibs., and the charge is 2s. 6d. Again, in 

 1587, a communion table and carpet are sent from London, 

 and js. $d. charged for carriage. Here again it is plain that 

 the carrier's charge implied something more than weight. 

 Again, a parcel 28 Ibs. in weight is sent on Lord Pembroke's 

 behalf from London to Huddersfield in 1588, and 4^. $d. 

 charged for it, that is id. per pound. In 1591 five saddles 

 are sent from London to Oxford, and 5*. is charged for the 

 parcel, a sum far in excess of the amount paid for goods in 

 bulk. On the other hand, two sugar-loaves, sent from London 

 to Cambridge at 6d. each in 1616, are probably not charged at 

 a very exceptional rate, the weight not being given, but the loaf 

 being generally between ten and eleven pounds. So the charge 

 for conveying the materials for a communion cloth, which 

 cost 60 in 1632, is 12s. icd. 



In 1631, twenty-four pounds of wax candles are sent from 

 London, and carriage of id. a pound charged on them. 

 The rate is far in excess of the customary charge of London 

 carriage, being at the rate of 9^. ^d. a cwt. 



In 1649, fourteen chairs and six stools, for such I suppose 

 are the sedilia of the accounts, cost in all 22s. id. to send from 

 London to Winchester College. I have no means of guessing 

 what the weight of this furniture was, but on no interpretation 

 would it give such an amount as would make the charge of 

 carriage correspond to the ordinary rate demanded for heavy 

 goods at this time, about is. per ton per mile. 



Among the items which occasionally appear in the accounts 

 is the cost incurred for transmitting money, I conclude through 

 the common carrier, the entry sometimes expressly stating 



