CONTENTS. XI 



cism superseded by construction, 355 ; Fichte, 357 ; Fichte representa- 

 tive of a new generation, 363 ; Schelling, 366 ; Want of criticism and 

 exactness, 367 ; Hegel aims at supplying the want, 371 ; J. S. Mill's 

 Logic, 374 ; Ground common to Mill and Kant, 377 ; Sir W. Hamilton, 

 379 ; A. Comte, 381 ; Revival and deepening of the historical sciences, 

 386 ; Epistemology and exact sciences, 390 ; Greater precision, 391 ; 

 Conception of energy, 392 ; Darwin and development, 394 ; Cause and 

 effect defined, 397 ; Supersession of astronomical view, 400 ; Plenum 

 substituted, 400 ; Limitation of scientific knowledge, 403 ; Dualism in 

 the problem of knowledge, 406 ; Recognised by Lotze, 406 ; His doctrine 

 of Values, 408 ; Hegel's new conception of Logic, 410 ; Reaction against 

 this, 411 ; Lotze and English Hegelianism, 412 ; Bradley and Bosanquet, 

 414 ; Lotze and Spencer, 415 ; The ' Unknowable,' 416 ; Renouvier on 

 Discontinuity and Personality, 417 ; Schopenhauer's Voluntarism, 418 ; 

 Overthrow of extreme Intellectualism, 419. 



CHAPTER V. 



OF EEALITY. 



Epistemology and systems of philosophy, 421 ; Some systems start with 

 theories of Reality, 423 ; Interests of academic teaching and of practical 

 life, 424 ; Discredit of Metaphysics, 428 ; Revival of Metaphysics, 430 ; 

 Necessity of the word, 431 ; The problem of Reality, 432 ; Modern 

 problem of Reality centres in Kant, 435 ; The "Thing in itself," 437 ; 

 His objection to Idealism, 439; His "Categorical Imperative," 441; 

 Importance of his terminology, 441 ; Fichte on Kant's terms for Reality, 

 442 ; Fichte and Schelling, 445 ; " Intellectual Intuition," 445 ; Fichte's 

 practical aims, 447; "Self-realisation," 448; Fichte's Absolute is a 

 process, 450 ; Schelling, 453 : His central position in German Idealism, 

 453 ; Practical and poetical interests, 456 ; Rehabilitation of Nature, 

 458; Formulae of "polarity," 461; Hegel, 464; Philosophy of the 

 Absolute Spirit, 466 ; Logical process identified with world-process, 

 469 ; Reason of Hegel's success, 471 ; Compared with Bacon, 476 ; 

 Meaning of the identification of the Rational and the Real, 478 ; 

 Opposition to the monistic tendency, 479 ; Herbart, 481 ; Schopen- 

 hauer, 482; The term "positive," 487 ; Schelling's positive philosophy, 

 488 ; His religious turn, 489 ; New eclectic spirit, 491 ; Lotze, 491 ; 

 Defect in historical sense, 494 ; Doctrine of Values, 495 ; Ethics the 

 root of Metaphysics, 498 ; Detailed interest in phenomena, 501 ; At the 

 summit a religious conception, 503 ; Theory of knowledge and belief, 

 505 ; The problem of Reality since Lotze, 506 ; The idea of Personality, 



