OF THE SOUL. 



215 



new school of psycho-physical research made its debut 

 in Germany. The British school had latterly benefited 

 greatly by taking notice of the critical works of Kant 

 and the physiological labours of Johannes Miiller. It 

 was mainly owing to Sir William Hamilton of Edinburgh, 

 that the analysis of the intellectual constitution of the 

 human mind, instituted by Kant in reply to the scepti- 

 cism of Hume, received due recognition by one of the 

 foremost representatives of the empirical school John 

 Stuart Mill. 



The introspective school was not content to confine 

 itself to purely descriptive work. It had elaborated a 

 psychological theory of its own, which held a place in the 

 labours of English writers similar to that occupied for w. 



Association- 



a time in Germany by the theory of Herbart : this was psychology, 

 the theory of Association. 



The psychology of this school, usually termed associa- 

 tion psychology, differed as much from the older 

 faculty psychology as did the psychology of Herbart. 

 It dates from the writings of Hume, perhaps even 

 from those of Hobbes, as well as from those of David 

 Hartley (1705-57). With the latter it starts from 

 the idea already expressed by Locke, that the pheno- 

 mena of the inner life can be traced back to sensa- 

 tions. But the way in which this idea was expressed 

 suggested from the beginning a twofold development. It 



dynamique des phe'nomenes a ete 

 quelquefois negligee " ( ' La Psy- 

 chologic Anglaise Contemporaine, 1 

 1870, p. 294). On the other side, 

 it must be remarked that the 

 mathematical treatment of psychical 

 phenomena as it originated in 



Germany first through Herbart and 

 more successfully through Prof. 

 Wundt has never found much 

 favour in this country. It is mainly 

 through American writers that 

 English psychological literature has 

 been represented in this branch. 



