OF THE SOUL. 249 



very real meaning, and that they refer to a definite 

 though logically undefinable something which underlies 

 all external events, alone making them subjects of 

 general and lasting interest. It is true that in the 

 writings of Kant, and still more so in those of Fichte, 

 Schelling, and Hegel, we do not meet with any sustained 

 effort towards that painstaking psychological analysis 

 which we find in the writings of the English and French 

 introspective schools : they were, as stated above, intro- 

 duced in Germany by the opposition thinkers like Her- 

 bart and Beneke ; but in the whole of the literature 

 which followed the appearance of Kant's works, or which 

 accompanied it, we meet with one of the most remark- 

 able psychological phenomena in the history of human 

 thought. The fact that speculations of such an abstract 

 nature, frequently expressed in uncouth and forbidding 

 terms, should have attained a firm and lasting hold 

 on the great intellects of a great people for a long period, 

 is a psychological phenomenon well worthy to be pon- 

 dered. Nor is it likely that this phenomenon would 

 ever have actually occurred had the movement been a 

 purely individual l and academic one. The causes 

 which brought it about are to be found as much in the 



1 " At a time when the universal i that falls to the activity of any 



nature of spiritual life has become j particular individual can only be 



so very much emphasised and j very small. Because this is so, the 



strengthened, and the mere indi- i individual must all the more forget 



vidual aspect has become, as it himself, as in fact the very nature 



should be, correspondingly a matter of science implies, and requires that 



of indifference, when, too, that ' he should ; and he must, moreover, 



universal aspect holds, by the entire ! become and do what he can " 



range of its substance, the full (Hegel, ' Phenomenology,' end of 



measure of the wealth it has built the Preface, J. B. Baillie's trans- 



up, and lays claim to it all, the lation, 1910, vol. i. p. 72). 

 share in the total work of mind 



