OF THE SOUL. 



275 



Although in England this last-named branch of psy- 

 chology has not remained unrepresented as evidenced 

 by the works of Henry Maudsley the great bulk of 

 psychological work has remained faithful to the tradi- 

 tions handed down since the time of Locke. It has 

 remained essentially introspective, being an analysis of 

 the normal individual mind. In the year 1876 a 

 quarterly review was started under the title ' Mind,' 55. 



' Mind ' and 



and whilst this was intended to deal generally with croom 



Robertson. 



philosophical subjects, it is significant that psychology is 

 put into the foreground, for reasons clearly set out by 

 the editor, Croom Robertson, in his introductory dis- 

 course. In fact, in England philosophy has till quite 

 recently hardly professed to be anything else than 

 philosophy of the human mind ; but it has been found 

 necessary to define, within this large domain, the 

 narrower provinces which have shown themselves capable 

 of special cultivation. Thus the older and common title 

 of philosophy of the human mind has been imperceptibly 

 supplanted by other titles describing treatises which 

 deal with special well - marked phenomena. Among 

 these psychology and ethics are the most important. A 

 separate analysis of the processes of scientific reasoning 

 had been given by J. S. Mill, and A. Bain had in his 



the great philosophical problems 

 have been approached, tries to clear 

 the ground for the new philosophy, 

 of which his ethical treatise, ' La 

 Science de la Morale ' (2 vols., 1869), 

 is the most important outcome. 

 We shall see in the sequel how it 

 has gained considerable influence, 

 especially in the teaching of morals 

 in the modern French schools. So 

 far as psychology is concerned, the 



second portion of the ' Critique 

 Ge"nerale' deals with this subject, 

 but, as is the case in Lotze's meta- 

 physics, rather from a rational 

 than a purely empirical point of 

 view, dealing with such questions 

 as the Essence and Nature of the 

 Soul, Certitude and Free Will- 

 subjects not infrequently excluded 

 altogether from modern works on 

 psychology. 



