VI CONTENTS. 



Philosophy rooted in poetry, 88 ; The mystical, 89 ; Art and the 

 Beautiful subordinate to philosophy, 89 ; F. A. Lange, 90 ; Contrast 

 with similar view of earlier thinkers, 91 ; Problem of Reality aban- 

 doned, 91 ; Unsystematic .'Esthetics in England : Ruskin, 95 ; 

 Spencer and the play-theory, 101 ; Psychology of ^Esthetics and 

 Ethics, 101 ; Herbart, 102 ; His introduction of the term Value, 

 106 ; Developed by Lotze, 107 ; Closer connection of ^Esthetics and 

 Ethics, 107 ; J. M. Guyau, 109 ; Evolutionary view, 111 ; New epoch 

 in ^Esthetics, 113 ; The Beautiful a larger Life, 114 ; Comparison 

 with Lotze, 114 ; Life substituted for Mind, 116 ; Reluctance to deal 

 with metaphysics, 117; B. Croce, 119; Schleiermacher, 122; Art a 

 larger language, 123 ; Necessity of recurring to other problems, 125 ; 

 Ethical problem, 125. 



CHAPTER VIII. 



OF THE GOOD. 



Ethics a British science, 127 ; New beginnings of ethics in Germany ami 

 France, 128 ; Different atmosphere of moral philosophy in this 

 country, 129 ; Basis of Order, 130 ; Contrast of Revolution, 130 ; 

 Different conditions in Germany, 133 ; Free inquiry into meta- 

 physical foundations of morality, 135 ; Idea of Development absent, 

 but latterly most influential in England, 137 ; Comprehensiveness 

 of Ethics in England, 138; Bentham, 139; Absence in him of the 

 conservative spirit, 140 ; Legal reform on basis of moral principle of 

 utility, 142; Contrast between Bentham and Kant, 144; Formalism 

 in Kant's ethics, 146 ; The "Good Will," 146 ; Gap in Kant's ethics, 

 149 ; Separate questions involved in the problem of the Good, 150 ; 

 J. S. Mill, 152; Comte's influence on Mill, 154; The development 

 from Kant, 155; Schiller, 156; Fichte, 160; Schelling, 166; 

 Morality and Religion, 166; The Moral Order, 167; Twofold in- 

 terpretation of this, 167; Schleiermacher, 171; Three aspects of 

 his ethics, 175 ; Hegel, 179 ; Contrast with Schleiermacher, 180 ; 

 Comte's Positivism, 182 ; The social Self, 183 ; Idea of progress, 

 184 ; Comte's positive view distinguished from German metaphysics 

 and English psychology, 185 ; Influences that moulded his ideas, 

 188 ; Neglects philosophical ethics, 189 ; A new social order, 191 ; 

 Hegel and the historical problem, 193 ; Divergent application of his 

 thought, 194 ; Used in the interest of conservative reaction, 196 ; 

 But also turned in the opposite direction, 196 ; This movement 

 promoted by the idea of Development, 198 ; Goschel, Strauss, and 



