CONTENTS. 



Sociology : a new science, 557 ; Tarde and Durkheim, 558 ; 

 Durkheim's philosophy of history, 560 ; Tarde's opposed individual- 

 istic theory, 563 ; Laws developed by him, 564 ; His criticism of 

 Spencer, 565 ; Ranke and Lamprecht, 569 ; The idea of Nationality, 

 574 ; Industrial development, 577 ; Wundt's Anthropology, 579 ? 

 Dilthey, 580 ; Contrast with Lamprecht, 585 ; Ultimate conflict in 

 the sphere of religious ideas, 585. 



CHAPTER XL 



OF THE UNITY OF THOUGHT. 



Special philosophical problems, 591 ; Change in their relative importance, 

 591 ; Tendency to specialism, 592 ; Failure to attain unity of thought, 

 594 ; Monistic tendency, 594 ; Change in German thought, 595 ; 

 Lotze's intermediate position, 597 ; Lotze's definition of philosophy, 

 600 ; Relation of Lotze to the Idealists, 603 ; Two views as to 

 unification provoked by Kant, 604 ; British contributions in psy- 

 chology and logic, 607; Influence of physiology, 608 ; Return of the 

 religious interest in philosophy, 609 ; Altered aspect of this interest, 

 610; Loss of confidence in the powers of the human mind, 611 ; 

 Different attitudes in the three countries, 612 ; Questions of certi- 

 tude of belief and sanction for moral law, 613; Retrospect, 614; 

 Position in Germany at the beginning of the century, 618 ; Unifying 

 principles in Kant, 622 ; Fichte, 624 ; Fichte's anticipation of later 

 aspects, 630 ; Schelling, 630 ; Reintroduction of dualism, 635 ; 

 Schleiermacher's Addresses, 640 ; Hegel, 642 ; Hegel's preparation, 

 643 ; Hegel's principle, 644 ; Two conceptions in Hegel's method, 

 647 ; The secret of Hegel's genius, 650 ; The last outcome of the 

 idealistic movement, 652 ; The three subsequent systems, 653 ; 

 Schopenhauer, 653 ; Comte and Spencer, 653 ; The scientific and 

 the social interests, 654 ; Three classes of thinkers, 655 ; Scientific 

 philosophy in Germany, 656 ; Altered conception of the task of 

 philosophy : Lotze, 657 ; Antecedents and surroundings of Lotze, 

 658 ; Lotze's monism and dualism, 660 ; Personality a central idea, 

 663 ; Philosophy a reconciliation, 664 ; Entry of the positive spirit, 

 665 ; Lotze's scheme not recognised, 666 ; Schopenhauer and von 

 Hartmann, 668 ; The principle of Will, 671 ; Dualism of Will and 

 Intellect, 672 ; Pessimism, 674 ; Contrast between Schopenhauer 

 and von Hartmann, 675 ; Religious interest in von Hartmann, 677 ; 

 Positivism of Comte, 679 ; His social aim, 680 ; His religious interest, 

 680 ; Different from that in Germany, 681 ; And in England, 681 ; 



