OF SOCIETY. 429 



None of these, however, contributed much to the philo- 

 sophical treatment of the social problem. What this 9. 



Special 



country did contribute consists not so much, or perhaps P 1 * 1 * 8 '.,., 



* * Adam Smith 



not at all, in looking at the larger question in a com- than?* 11 

 prehensive spirit, but rather in isolating certain definite 

 and restricted questions which were suggested by the 

 political and industrial progress of the country. Among 

 these was the Economic Problem defined by Adam 

 Smith as that of the ' Wealth of Nations,' and later on 

 some problems of legislation defined by Benthain. Ben- 

 tham's influence became more important and generally 

 recognised through the labours of James and John Stuart 

 Mill, who sought for a deeper foundation for political 

 and economic theory in the study of psychology and 

 logic. In addition to the psychological and logical 10. 



e J James and 



studies of the Mills and their school this country has con- J- s. Mm. 

 tributed valuable material for the study of the natural 

 and civil history of mankind by a series of works upon 

 Primitive Culture, among which those of Tylor and 

 Lubbock stand out prominently. They are more purely 

 anthropological or ethnological. 



We have thus, in the three countries, three tolerably 

 distinct and for some time independent courses of 

 thought which ultimately came together and are more 

 or less absorbed in the larger problem with which I am 

 now dealing the problem of human society. The dis- 

 tinctive features of the thought of the three nations 

 which I have had frequent occasion to point out, and 

 which were more marked in the first half of the 



stitution ... is in marked con- 

 trast with Locke's aristocratic one 

 for Carolina, settled eight years 



previously." (See Articles " Penn " 

 and "Pennsylvania," ' Encyclop. 

 Brit.,' 9th ed., pp. 495, 504). 



