OF THE UNITY OF THOUGHT. 623 



" the Thing in itself." The very attempt to find the 

 unity of knowledge in the subjective principle led to a 

 dualism of the noumenal and phenomenal. 



The second unifying principle in Kant's philosophy is 

 to be found in the second ' Critique ' : it is the moral 

 law, " the categorical imperative," commonly called Con- 

 science. And inasmuch as this was something different 

 from the purely intellectual unity of apperception, it 

 presented itself as the principle of Keality in the life of 

 the human mind in addition and frequently in opposi- 

 tion to the purely phenomenal world of impressions, 

 desires, and feelings revealed by introspection. And 

 the relation of this categorical imperative, of this point 

 of reference, to the purely empirical, accidental, and con- 

 tingent flow of ideas, desires, and feelings, suggested that 

 the principle underlying it, the human Will, indicated 

 likewise the nature of that reality in the outer world 

 which the first ' Critique ' had retained in the limiting 

 conception of the " Thing in itself." 



Lastly, the third of Kant's ' Critiques ' dealt 

 with the reconciliation of the " mechanical connection 

 of things," indicated and governed by the law of 

 Causation, with the teleological view which the human 

 mind inevitably forms : the conception of an end and 

 purpose. It is the governing principle in our sesthetical 

 view of nature, and it occurs likewise as a regulative 

 principle, as a sign-post indicating the direction by 

 following which the mind may discover the causal or 

 mechanical connection of things. It is the " intellectual 

 Intuition " of the artist, the inventor, and the discoverer. 



The first great thinker who appreciated these im- 



