TRAINING FIRST AND SECOND YEARS. 59 



tree, and with its beautiful drapery strives to 

 conceal the nakedness of its waning years; 

 but we would respectfully suggest, that while 

 it is a beautiful picture for some appreciative 

 artist to copy, it is hardly a fit subject for the 

 vineyardist to follow as a model. So, too, of 

 vines more properly located, and growing un- 

 pruned on apple and other trees. They will 

 produce some good fruit, but not as good as it 

 might be, and by no means as good as is grown 

 on vines judiciously trained ; the fruit fails in 

 quality, and dwindles away, from year to year, 

 becoming at last almost as hard and indigesti 

 ble as that grown in the woods. Besides, the 

 practice, if adopted, would be found an exceed 

 ingly wasteful one. The fact should be accept 

 ed, that training is a necessity to all who aim 

 at economy and the best results. It has the 

 great value of systematizing all our labors, plac 

 ing the vine within easy reach, and reducing the 

 necessary manipulations to their lowest terms. 

 By way of introduction, it will perhaps ena 

 ble the beginner more readily to understand the 

 details of practice, if we first give him a general 

 idea of the vine. The vine is composed of dif 

 ferent members or parts, known to cultivators 

 by names that have a more or less technical ap- 



