CONTENTS xvii 



PAGE 



for union in the Maritime Provinces General conference of 

 delegates at Quebec, 1864 Dominion of Canada established, 

 1867 Influence of the United States on the constitution 

 Extension of the Dominion to the Pacific and the Arctic Oceans 

 The problem of national unity in the Dominion Separation 

 of Ontario from Quebec Projects for east-and-west railways 

 Protectionism adopted under lead of Macdonald, 1878 

 United States committed to protectionism Friction-making 

 influence of these tariff policies-^Operation of the agreement of 

 1873 as to the inshore fisheriesJ-Termination of the agreement 

 by the United States, 1885 Seizure of American fishing-vessels 

 by the Canadian coast-guards, 1886 Retaliation enacted by 

 Congress Adjustment by temporary modus vivendi Treaty 

 for permanent settlement fails in American Senate Anti- 

 British feeling caused by the situation Increased by defeat of 

 Irish home rule and accession of Salisbury And by incidents 

 in the conflict over Cleveland s^riff policy Dismissal of Sack- 

 ville-West, the British minister-4-Forebodings of trouble when 

 Blaine became secretary of state Previous trouble over seal- 

 hunting in Behring Sea British vessels seized in Behring Sea 

 beyond three-mile limit American court decides Behring Sea 

 to be mare clausum Secretary Bayard seeks joint prohibition 

 of pelagic sealing Agreement fails through intervention of 

 Canada Renewed seizures of Canadian vessels in 1889 

 Warm correspondence between Blaine and Salisbury Modus 

 vivendi and treaty of arbitration Decision of the tribunal 

 against the United States Influence of the episode on national 

 susceptibilities Sense of growth and power in the United 

 States Creation of a modern fleet Foothold secured in Samoa 

 British movement for imperial federation a challenge to the 

 United States Canadian development of militia and railways 

 causes uneasiness Agitation in Canada for commercial union 

 with the United States Goldwin Smith holds annexation inevi 

 table Sir John Macdonald wins election of 1891 on protection 

 and loyalty to the British connection American tariff policy, 

 after fluctuation, settles on high protection General effect of 

 tariff controversies on American opinion. 



CHAPTER VII 

 VENEZUELA AND AFTER 300 



Salisbury s Liberal-Unionist ministry of 1895 and its problems 

 The difference with Venezuela as to the boundary of Guiana 

 Early aspects of the controversy Tender of good offices by 

 United States declined by Salisbury Venezuela presses for 



