CONTENTS xv 



PAGE 



Effect of this on the slave-trade and impressment Canadian 

 problems under the constitution of 1841 Policy of Lord Elgin 

 assures responsible government Conflict between French and 

 English interests Industrial and commercial depression in 1849 

 Effect on Canada of Peel s free-trade policy Agitation for 

 annexation to United States Party politics at the basis of the 

 agitation American indifference to the movement British 

 political leaders expect ultimate separation of Canada Lord 

 John Russell s speech on the subject Protest of Lord Elgin 

 Disintegrating elements in the philosophy of the free-trade 

 movement Canadian situation brings final repeal of British 

 Navigation Laws Importance to Canada of trade with United 

 States Dissatisfaction in United States at limits upon the in 

 shore fisheries Reciprocity Treaty of 1854 results from this 

 situation Effects of the Treaty on relations between Canada 

 and America Comparative numbers of English-speaking peo 

 ples in 1860 Economic leadership of Great Britain Demo 

 cratic movement in British politics Effects of great migrations 

 on Britain and America Influence of the Irish in America 

 Growth and influence of American literature Harmonizing 

 influence of the British mid-Victorians, especially Dickens. 



CHAPTER V 

 THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR AND ITS EFFECTS . 199 



Influence of slavery on British feeling toward the warring sec 

 tions Southern argument for independence Northern coun 

 ter argument Difficulty experienced by the other English- 

 speaking peoples in choosing between these arguments The 

 British belief that a great democracy could not endure Favor 

 for the South due to this belief and to the Southern preference 

 for free trade Slavery a source of suspicion toward the South 

 Influence of British antislavery leaders like Cobden and 

 Bright British proclamation of neutrality and its grounds 

 Resentment in the North at the British position Attitude of 

 the British cabinet toward the Southern demand for recog 

 nition Resentment of the South at this position The Trent 

 affair of November, 1861 American rejoicings at the act of 

 Captain Wilkes Indignation and warlike fervor in England 

 Demand for release of the envoys and preparations for war 

 Surrender of the envoys Confused reasoning of Seward and 

 Russell about the matter Hatred of British caused by the 

 affair Attitude of the British cabinet toward the Confederate 

 envoys Increased irritation on the part of the South Addi 

 tional causes of anger in the North The effect of blockade- 

 running The careers of the cruisers, especially the Florida and 



