CONCLUSION 359 



from the American Civil War. The fourth, 

 1886-1914, turns on the projection of American 

 and British interests and influence beyond the 

 bounds of the United States and the United 

 Kingdom. 



In the first period there was a gradual prog 

 ress from the bitterness that the war made 

 intense in America and Canada to a condition 

 of general amity. The Treaty of Ghent put 

 an end to flagrant war; it did little or nothing 

 for the promotion of lasting peace. It did not 

 weaken the conviction in the minds of many 

 Americans that a leading principle of British 

 policy was to bully and dragoon the United 

 States into a condition of dependence as near 

 as possible to that which had been thrown off 

 in 1776; it did not extinguish the fear among 

 the English in Canada that the United States 

 was resolutely bent on conquering and annex 

 ing them; it did not qualify the belief wide 

 spread among the ruling aristocracy in England 

 that the American democracy was a barbarous, 

 brawling political organism, whose growth was 

 to be restricted by all possible means in the 

 interest of civilization. For each of these 

 various beliefs there was not lacking a certain 

 foundation in fact; and the progress toward 



