NOVUM ORGANUM. 121 



The first Vintage of the form of Heat. 



It must be observed that the form of any thing is inhe 

 rent (as appears clearly from our premises) in each indivi 

 dual instance in which the thing itself is inherent, or it 

 would not be a form. No contradictory instance, therefore, 

 can be alleged. The form, however, is found to be much 

 more conspicuous and evident in some instances than in 

 others ; in those (for example) where its nature is less res 

 trained and embarrassed, and reduced to rule by other 

 natures. Such instances we are wont to term coruscations, 

 or conspicuous instances. We must proceed then to the 

 first vintage of the form of heat. 



From the instances taken collectively, as well as singly, 

 the nature whose limit is heat appears to be motion. This 

 is chiefly exhibited in flame, which is in constant motion, 

 and in warm or boiling liquids, which are likewise in con 

 stant motion. It is also shown in the excitement or increase 

 of heat by motion, as by bellows and draughts : for which 

 see Inst. 29, Tab. 3., and by other species of motion, as in 

 Inst. 28 and 31, Tab. 3. It is also shown by the extinction 

 of fire and heat upon any strong pressure, which restrains 

 and puts a stop to motion ; for which see Inst. 30 and 32, 

 Tab. 3. It is further shown by this circumstance, namely, 

 that every substance is destroyed, or at least materially 

 changed, by strong and powerful fire and heat : whence it 

 is clear that tumult and confusion are occasioned by heat, 

 together with a violent motion in the internal parts of bodies, 

 and this gradually tends to their dissolution. 



What we have said with regard to motion must be thus 

 understood, when taken as the genus of heat : it must not be 

 thought that heat generates motion, or motion heat (though 

 in some respects this be true), but that the very essence of 

 heat, or the substantial self* of heat, is motion and nothing 

 else, limited, however, by certain differences which we 

 will presently add, after giving some cautions for avoiding 

 ambiguity. 



Sensible heat is relative, and regards man not the uni 

 verse ; and is rightly held to be merely the effect of heat 

 on animal spirit. It is even variable in itself, since the same 

 body (in different states of sensation) excites the feeling of 

 heat and of cold ; this is shown by Inst. 41, Tab. 3. 



Nor should we confound the communication of heat or 



* Quid ipsum,&quot; the TO n ijv tlvai of Aristotle. 



