288 OTHER GERM DISEASES. 
bacillus (B. tetanus), which lives normally in the earth and may ge 
into a wound and produce the well-known and commonly fata 
disease. 
Abortion. This troublesome disease sometimes appears ii 
a herd and produces great loss, and endless trouble to the dairyman 
Cows attacked by the disease do not carry their calves the full time 
but drop them early and become useless for the time as milk-cows 
If the animal is once affected she is likely to have the same troubl 
the next time she is in calf, and perhaps her usefulness is ended 
This trouble has for some time been recognized as contagious am 
has in recent years been demonstrated to be produced by a definit 
species of bacterium. The bacterium may infect cow after cow, am 
even the bull may distribute it through a herd of cattle. The bes 
remedy has been found to be thorough disinfection. The calf mus 
be destroyed, the stable disinfected, genital parts of the cow thor 
oughly washed with disinfecting solutions and the animal kept fron 
the rest of the herd. A thorough disinfection of this sort will com 
monly allay the trouble. 
Takosis of Goats. This is a disease of goats only recently 
studied and found to be caused by a bacterium. It brings on < 
general weakness and wasting away, which finally results in death 
It has caused great loss among the Angora goats in the northen 
states. It is always fatal. 
Lumpy Jaw, Malignant Tumor, Wooden Tongue. Thesi 
three names are applied to the same disease, located, however, ii 
different places. The cause of the trouble is one of the highe 
types of fungi rather than a bacterium. The name of the organisn 
is Actinomycosis and it differs from bacteria in forming longe: 
threads and in branching (see page 12). When it finds entrana 
into cattle, generally through the mouth, it may invade the tissue; 
and produce the diseases named above. Sometimes it is founc 
in the throat, lungs, and skin. It is most common in cattle, but i 
also occurs in swine, and may be given to other animals by inocula 
tion. It occasionally occurs in man. The disease is not common 
though it causes considerable loss at times, since it is serious and ap 
to be fatal. It produces hard tumors that invade the bones or othei 
