BKKBEKIUAOE^E. (BARBERRY FAMILY.) 17 



the petals when of the same number. Anthers 2-celled, opening by up- 

 lifted valves (or lengthwise in Podophyllum). Fruit baccate or capsular. 

 Embryo in the axis of fleshy albumen. 



Synopsis. 



* Anthers opening by uplifted valves. 



1. BERBBRIS. Stamens 6. Leaves bristly-serrate. Shrubs. 



2. CAULOPHYLLUM. Stamens 6. Leaves compound. Herb. 



3. DIPHYLLEIA. Stamens 6. Leaves peltate, deeply 2-cleft and lobed. Herb. 



4. JEFFERSONIA. Stamens 8 Scape 1-flower^d. Leaves 2-parted. Herb. 



* * Anthers opening longitudinally. 



5. PODOPHYLLUM. Stamens 12 or more. Flower solitary in the fork of the two peltate, 



lobed leaves. 



1. BERBERIS, L. BARBERRY. 



Sepals 6, orbicular. Petals 6, obovate, often biglandular near the base. 

 Stamens 6, irritable. Stigma circular, depressed. Fruit a 1 - 9-seeded berry. 

 Seeds erect. Shrubs with yellow wood. Leaves bristly serrate, often reduced 

 to branching spines. Flowers racemose, yellow. Berries acid. 



1. B. Canadensis, Pursh. (AMERICAN BARBERRY.) Smooth, spiny; 

 leaves obovate, bristly-serrate ; racemes nodding, 6 - 8-flowered ; petals notched ; 

 berries oval,' red. Upper districts of Georgia and northward. May and June. 

 Shrub 2 -3 high, with dotted branches. 



2. CAULOPHYLLUM, Michx. BLUE COHOSH. 



Sepals 6, ovate-oblong. Petals 6, thick and gland-like, shorter than the se- 

 pals. Stamens 6. Style short. Stigma minute, unilateral. Ovary thin, early 

 ruptured by the two growing seeds, withering. Seeds globose, drupe-like, stalked. 

 Albumen horny. A smooth perennial herb, with large ternately-compound 

 leaves, and small yellowish-green flowers in a terminal raceme or panicle. 



1. C. thalictroides, Michx. (Leontice thalictroides, L.) Mountains 

 of South Carolina (Elliott) and northward. April. Plant l-2 high, glau- 

 cous when young. Radical leaf 3-ternate, on a long petiole ; those of the stem 

 (mostly two) sessile, the upper one biternate. Leaflets ol>ovate-wedge-shaped, 

 2 - 3-lobed. Panicle few-flowered. Seeds glaucous. 



3. DIPHYLLEIA, Michx. 



Sepals 6, caducous. Petals 6, oval, flat, larger than the sepals. Stamens 6. 

 Stigma circular, depressed, slightly 2-lobed. Fruit baccate, 2 4-seeded. Seeds 

 erect. A smooth perennial herb, with two large, alternate, peltate, deeply 2-clcft, 

 lobed and serrate leaves, and a terminal cyme of white flowers. 



1. D. cymosa, Michx. Margins of streams on the mountains of North 

 Carolina. May and June. Stem l-2 high. Leaves often 2 in diameter, 

 the divisions 5 - 7-lobed. Berries blue. 



