34 ViOLACE-iE. (VIOLET FAMILY.) 



* * * Flowers yelluir. 



9. V. rotundifolia, Michx. Nearly smooth ; leaves broadly cordate, 

 longer than the short petioles; lateral petals bearded. Mountains of North 

 Carolina and northward. Rhizoma slender, bearing runners. Leaves flat on 

 the ground. Petals striped with purple. 



2. Leaves and flowers borne on manifest stems : perennials. 

 * Stems leafy throughout. 



10. V. Muhlenbergii, Torr. Primary stems erect, the later ones pros- 

 trate ; leaves broadly cordate or reniform, crenate and roughened with minute 

 elevated points, the uppermost acute ; stipules fringed ; spur obtuse, half as long 

 as the pale purple petals ; lateral petals bearded. Dump shades in the upper 

 districts and northward. 



Var. multicaulis, Torr. Gray. Stems all- prostrate and creeping ; 

 leaves smaller, roundish, obscurely crenate, purple-veined. Dry rocks and hills 

 in the lower districts. March and April. Steins slender, 4' -6' long. 



11. V. Striata, Ait. Stems ascending ; leaves cordate, serrate, rough- 

 ened as in No. 10, the uppermost often acute ; stipules large, fringed ; spur 

 thick, shorter than the large cream-colored petals ; lateral petals bearded, the 

 lower striped with purple. Mountains of Georgia and northward. April. 

 Stems 10' - 12' high. Peduncles elongated. 



12. V. Canadensis, L. Tall ; leaves large, broadly cordate, acuminate, 

 coarsely serrate, longer than the peduncles ; stipules nearly entire ; spur very 

 short ; petals white, externally purplish, the lateral ones bearded. Rich soil 

 along the mountains of North Carolina and northward. May - August. 

 Stems l-2 high. 



* * Stems leafy at tlte summit : stipules entire. 



13. V. hastata, Michx. Smooth or hairy ; leaves rhombic-ovate, hastate - 

 3-lobed, or the lower ones 3-parted (V. tripartite, Ell.), serrate and commonly 

 acute ; flowers small, yellow ; lateral petals bearded, the lowest striped with 

 purple ; spur very short. Shaded hill-sides, Florida and northward. April 

 and May. Stem 6'- 12' high. Stipules small. 



14. V. pubcscens, Ait. Downy or woolly ; leaves broadly cordate, 

 coarsely serrate, mostly acute ; stipules large ; spur very short ; flowers yellow, 

 the lower petals veined with purple, bearded. Dry rocky soil in the upper dis- 

 tricts, and northward.* April. Stems 6' - 1 2' high. Capsules sometimes villous. 



1 3. Stems leafy : root annual. 



15. V. tricolor, L., var. arvensis, DC. Stems branching ; lowest 

 leaves roundish, the upper lanceolate, entire ; stipules leafy, pinnatifid ; flowers 

 small, yellow and purple, Cultivated ground. Introduced. Stem 6' high. 



2. SOLEA, Ging. 



Sepals not produced at the base. Petals unequal, the lowest one gibbous at 

 the base and 2-lobed at the apex, the others smaller. Stamens with the filaments 

 united and produced above the anthers, the two lower ones glandular at the 



