SAXIFRAGACE^E. (SAXIFRAGE FAMILY.) 151 



3. PENTHORUM, Gronov. 



Sepals 5. Petals 5, often wanting. Stamens 10. Carpels 5, united into a 

 5-celled capsule, spreading at the summit, which falls away at maturity. Seeds 

 numerous. Perennial (not fleshy) herbs, with alternate serrate leaves, and 

 yellowish flowers on one side of the rcvolute branches of the simple cyme. 



1. P. sedoides, L. Stem erect, l-2 high; leaves lanceolate; petals 

 jommonly none. Ditches and muddy places, common. July- Sept. 



ORDEK 64. SAXIFRAGACE^. (SAXIFRAGE FAMILY.) 



Calyx of 4 - 5 more or less united sepals, free, or more or less adherent 

 to the ovary, persistent. Petals as many as the sepals, rarely wanting. 

 Stamens as many, or 2 - 4 times as many, inserted with the petals on the 

 calyx. Ovaries 2 or sometimes 3-4, commonly united below, and sepa- 

 rate at the summit. Seeds few - many. Embryo straight, in the axis of 

 fleshy albumen. 



Synopsis. 



SUBORDER I. SAXIFRAGES. Herbs. Petals imbricated in the 

 bud. Stipules adnate to the petiole, or none. 



* Stamens as many as the sepals. 



1. LEPUROPETALOX. Styles 3. Capsule 1-celled, beakless. 



2. HEUCIIERA. Styles 2. Capsule 1-celled, 2-beaked. 



3. BOYKINIA. Styles 2. Capsule 2-celled, 2-beaked. 



* * Stamens twice as many as the sepals. 

 Capsule 2-celled. 



4. SAXIFRAGA. Flowers perfect. Stamens 10. Leaves entire or lobed. 



5. ASTILBE. Flowers polygamous. Stamens 10. Leaves ternately compound. 



*- *- Capsule 1 celled. 



6. TIARELLA. Stamens 10. Petals 5 entire. 



7. MITELLA. Stamens 10. Petals 5, pinnatifid. 



8. CHRYSOSPLENIUM. Stamens 8 - 10. Petals none. 



SUBORDER II. ESCALLONIE2E. Shrubs. Petals valvate in the 

 bud. Stipules none. Leaves alternate. 



9. ITEA. Stamens and petals 5- Flowers in a dense raceme. 



SUBORDER III. HYDRANGIES. Shrubs. Petals valvate or con- 

 volute in the bud. Leaves opposite. Stipules none. 



10. HYDRANGEA. Petals valvate. Stamens 8 - 10. Styles distinct. 



11. DECUMAR1A. Petals valvate. Stamens 20 or more Styles united 



12. PHILADELPHUS. Petals convolute. Stamens 20 or more. Styles 4. Capsule 4-valved. 



1. LEPUROPETALON, Ell. 



Calyx-tube turbinate, cohering with the lower portion of the ovary, 5-parted. 

 Petals 5, minute, spatulate. Stamens 5, very short. Styles 3. Capsule globu- 



