CORNACE^E. (DOGWOOD FAMILY.) 107 



the summit a single long-pedunclcd umbel of greenish flowers, surrounded by a 

 whorl of three 3 - 7-foliolate leaves. Berry red or greenish. 



1. P. quinquefolium, L. Root fusiform ; leaflets 5 - 7, oblong-obovate, 

 serrate, stalked; styles 2, berry crimson. Rich woods along the mountains, 

 Georgia, and northward. July. Stem 1 high. Leaflets 2' - 3' long. 



2. P. trifolium, L. Root globose ; leaflets 3-5, lanceolate, serrate, ses- 

 sile ; styles 3 ; berry greenish. With the last. Plant 4' - 6' high. 



ORDER G8. CORNACEJK. (DOGWOOD FAMILY.) 



Trees or shrubs, with simple, entire or rarely toothed exstipulate leaves, 

 and perfect or polygamous flowers. Calyx coherent with the 1 - 2-celled 

 ovary, 4 - 5-toothed. Petals 4-5, valvate in the bud, sometimes wanting. 

 Stamens 4-10, inserted into the margin of the disk that crowns the ovary. 

 Ovules solitary, anatropous, pendulous. Fruit a berry-like 1 - 2-celled, 

 1 - 2-seeded drupe. Embryo nearly as long as the fleshy albumen. Coty- 

 ledons large and foliaceous. 



1. CORNTJS, Tourn. DOGWOOD. CORNEL. 



Flowers perfect. Calyx 4-toothed. Petals and stamens 4. Stigma capitate. 

 Drupe 2-celled, 2-sceded. Shrubs or low trees. Leaves and branches opposite 

 (except No. 1 ). Flowers in naked spreading cymes, or capitate, and subtended 

 by a colored involucre. 



* Flowers white, in a loose open cyme : involucre none. 



1. C. alternifolia, L'Hcrit. Leaves oval, abruptly acute at each end, 

 pale and pubescent beneath, long-petioled, and, like the greenish striped branch- 

 es, alternate ; drupes deep blue. Banks of streams, Florida, and northward. 

 May. A widely branching shrub, or small tree. 



2. C. stricta, Lam. Leaves ovate or oblong, abruptly acute or acuminate, 

 smooth, whitish beneath ; cymes flat or depressed at the summit ; drupes and 

 anthers pale blue. Swamps, Florida to North Carolina, and westward. April. 



A shrub or small tree. Branches brown. 



3. C. paniculata, L'Herit. Leaves smooth, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 

 paler beneath ; cymes convex at the summit, somewhat panicled, loose-flowered ; 

 drupes white, depressed-globose. North Carolina and northward. May and 

 June. Shrub 4 - 8 high. Branches gray. 



4. C. sericea, L. Leaves ovate or elliptical, smooth above, the lower sur- 

 face, like the purplish branches and close depressed cyme, silky-pubescent ; 

 drupes pale blue. Low woods, Florida to Mississippi, and northward. May. 



Shrub 6 - 10 high. 



5. C. asperifolia, Michx. Leaves short-petioled, lanceolate-ovate or ob- 

 long, acute, very rough on both sides, as well as the branchlets and flat cymes ; 



