COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



185 



Achenia not ribbed, 5-angled. 



Receptacle conical 



Receptacle flat. Stems climbing 



Receptacle flat. Stems erect 



Pappus scaly. 

 Flowers blue or purple. 



Pappus a cup-shaped border of united scales 



Pappus slender, almost bristly. 

 Pappus deciduous. Heads large and single. 

 Pappus persistent. Heads small, in 3-bracted clusters. 

 Pappus of 5 oval almost bony scales. Leaves whorled. 

 Flowers white. 

 Receptacle naked. 



Leaves entire, linear or lanceolate. .... 



Leaves entire, ovate or cordate. ....... 



Leaves pinnately lobed 



Receptacle chaffy. 

 Achenium top-shaped. Scales of the pappus 5 - 6. . 



Achenium flat. Pappus 2-awned. 



Flowers yellow. Pappus 2 - 4-awned. 



Awns of the pappus deciduous 



Awns of the pappus persistent, hispid upward. 

 Awns of the pappus persistent, hispid downward. 



* * Heads with flowers variously imperfect 

 Marginal flowers pistillate. Central flowers perfect. 

 Pappus bristly. 



Scales of the involucre in a single row. 



Scales of the involucre in 2 or more rows. 

 Involucre persistent. Leaves sinuate-lobed. 

 Involucre persistent. Leaves entire. Anthers tailed. 

 Involucre persistent. Leaves entire Anthers tailless. 

 Involucre deciduous. Heads spiked. 



Pappus not bristly, 5-lobed. 



Pappus none 



Marginal flowers pistillate. Central flowers staminate. 



Pappus none. Style rigid, persistent. 



Pappus none. Style deciduous. Heads nodding 



Marginal flowers neutral. Central flowers perfect. 



* * * Heads dioecious or monoecious. 

 Staminate and pistillate heads on the same plant. 



Fruiting involucre 1-seeded, naked or tubercled 



Fruiting involucre 2-seeded, armed with hooked spines. 

 Staminate and pistillate heads on separate plants. 



Anthers tailed. Hoary herbs 



Anthers tailless. Smooth shrubs 



CONOCLINIUM. 14 



. MIKANIA. 1.3 



EUPATORIUM. 12 



CffiLESTINA. 5 



. STOKESIA. 



ELEPHANTOPUS. 



SCLEROLEPIS. 



PALAFOXIA. 57 



. AGERATUM. 6 



HYMENOPAPPUS. 58 



MARSHALLIA. 63 



. ACTINOMERIS. 49 



HELIANTHUS. 47 



COREOPSIS. 50 



. BIDENS. 52 



ERECHTHITES. 72 



CONYZA. 26 



PLUCHEA. 28 



GNAPHALIUM. 70 



PTEROCAULON. 29 



TANACETUM. 67 



. ARTEMISIA. 68 



SOLIVA. 69 



IVA. &5 



CENTAUREA. 77 



AMBROSIA. 36 

 XANTHIUM. 37 



2. Heads radiate. 

 Rays pistillate. 

 Flowers all fertile. 

 Receptacle naked. 



Rays yellow. Leaves opposite. 



Pappus none. 



Pappus scaly 



Rays yellow. Leaves alternate. 

 Scales of the involucre in 1 row. 

 Scales of the involucre in 2 rows. 

 Scales of the involucre in several rows. 



ANTENNARIA. 71 

 BACCHARIS. 27 



FLAVERIA. 55 



PECTIS. 4 



PENEOIO. 74 



HELENIUM. 59 



. INULA. 25 



