238 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE 



2. V. Virginica, L. Stem 3-winged ; the branches mostly wingless, to- 

 mentose ; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, irregularly serrate or sinuate-lobed, 

 tapering into winged petioles, rough above, downy beneath ; corymbs cymose ; 

 rays 3-4, oval, white; achenia winged. (V. sinuata. Ell.) Dry open woods, 

 Florida and northward. Sept. Stem 2 - 6 high. 



55. PLAVEEIA, Juss. 



Heads few-Howered, discoid, or with a single pistillate ray. Involucre of 3-5 

 oblong nearly equal scales. Receptacle naked. Achenia oblong or club-shaped, 

 smooth, striate. Pappus none. Tropical herbs, with opposite leaves, and 

 densely clustered heads of yellow flowers. 



1 . P. linearis, Lagasca. Stem somewhat prostrate at the base, branched 

 above, smoothish ; leaves fleshy, linear, connate, entire ; corymb dense ; scales 

 of the involucre mostly 5; ray often wanting. Key West. Stem l-2 

 high. 



56. GAILLARDIA, Foug. 



Heads many-flowered ; the rays neutral, deciduous. Scales of the involucre 

 in 3 rows, acute, spreading above. Receptacle convex or hemispherical, naked 

 or fitnbrillate. Rays wedge-shaped, palmately 3-lobed. Corolla of the disk 

 with subulate lobes. Achenia top-shaped, hairy. Pappus of 6-10 membrana- 

 ceous 1-nerved awned scales. Pubescent branching herbs, with alternate leaves, 

 and solitary heads of yellow or purple flowers terminating the branches. 



1. G. lanceolata, Michx. Stem (l-2) with long and slender branch- 

 es ; leaves narrow-lanceolate, mostly entire, sessile, the lowest narrowed at the 

 base ; rays yellow, sometimes wanting ; disk-flowers purple ; receptacle naked ; 

 scales of the pappus 7-9. Dry pine barrens, Florida to South Carolina. 

 July - Sept. 



57. PALAFOXIA, Lagasca. 



Heads many-flowered ; the ray-flowers pistillate, or none. Scales of the ob- 

 conical involucre in 2 rows, membranaceous at the summit. Receptacle flat, 

 naked. Achenia slender, 4-angled, tapering at the base. Pappus of 6-12 

 membranaceous denticulate scales, pointed by the prolonged rigid midrib. 

 Herbs or shrubs, with narrow entire leaves, and heads of white or pui-ple flow- 

 ers in a terminal corymb. 



1. P. integrifolia, Torr. & Gray. Stem (2 high) branched above, 

 smoothish ; leaves lanceolate, rough ; the lower ones often opposite ; rays none ; 

 flowers purplish; scales of the pappus 8 - 9, linear-subulate. ( Poly ptcris inte- 

 grifolia, Nutt.) Dry pine barrens, Georgia and Florida. July- Sept. 



58. HYMENOPAPPUS, L'Herit. 



Heads many-flowered ; the flowers all tubular and perfect. Scales of the in- 

 volucre 6-12, oval or obovate, membranaceous, white. Receptacle naked. 

 Corolla slender. Achenia top-shaped, 4-anglcd. Pappus of 12-20 short obtuse 



