416 ULMACE.E. (ELM FAMILY.) 



ORDER 125. ULMACE^E. (ELM FAMILY.) 



Trees, with watery juice, alternate undivided stipulate leaves, and per- 

 fect or polygamous apetalous flowers. Calyx 4 - 9-lobed. Stamens 4-9, 

 inserted on the base of the calyx, erect in the bud. Ovary 1 - 2-celled. 

 Ovules solitary, suspended. Styles 2, spreading. Fruit membranaceous 

 or drupaceous. Embryo straight or curved, without albumen. Cotyle- 

 dons leafy. 



Synopsis. 



* Fruit dry. ADthers extrorse. 

 1 ULMUS. Flowers perfect. Ovary 2-celled. Fruit winged. 



2. PLANERA. Flowers polygamous. Ovary 1-celled. Fruit wingless. 



* * Fruit a drupe. .. Anthers introrse. 



3. CELTIS. Flowers polygamous. Ovary 1-celled. Cotyledons curved. 



1. ULMUS, L. ELM. 



Flowers perfect. Calyx bell-shaped, 4 - 9-cleft. Stamens 4-9, slender, ex- 

 serted : anthers extrorse. Ovary 2-celled. Styles short. Fruit 1-celled, 1 -seeded, 

 surrounded by a broad membranaceous wing. Embryo straight. Trees. 

 Leaves short-petioled, mostly oblique, doubly serrate, straight-veined. Stipules 

 deciduous. Flowers greenish or purplish, clustered, appearing before the leaves. 



1. U. flllva, Michx. (SLIPPERY ELM.) Branchlets pubescent; leaves 

 thick, ovate-oblong, acuminate, broadly serrate, slightly oblique at the base, very 

 rough above, pubescent beneath ; calyx and short pedicels pubescent ; fruit 

 orbicular, pubescent on the sides, smooth on the margins, with the obtuse teeth 

 erect ; expanding buds rusty-tomentose. Rich woods, West Florida, and north- 

 ward. Feb. and March. A small tree. Leaves 4' - 8' long. Fruit 8" - 9" 

 wide. Inner bark very mucilaginous. 



2. U. Floridana, n. sp. Branchlets smooth ; leaves thick, oblong-ovate, 

 acute or slightly acuminate, broadly serrate, oblique at the base, smooth above, 

 more or less pubescent beneath ; pedicels very slender, somewhat racemose, and, 

 like the calyx, smooth ; fruit orbicular, fringed on the margins, with the short 

 and broad teeth erect. Banks of the Chipola River, at Marianna, West Florida. 

 Feb. and March. A tree 30 - 40 high, with brittle branches. Leaves 3' - 4' 

 long. Fruit 2" -3" in diameter. Bud-scales downy on the margins. 



3. U. Americana, L. (ELM.) Branchlets and buds smooth ; leaves 

 thin, obovate-oblong, or oval, oblique at the base,, sharply serrate, abruptly acu- 

 minate, smooth above, pubescent, or at length smooth beneath ; pedicels clustered, 

 slender, smooth, like the calyx ; fruit oval or obovate, downy on the margins, 

 with the sharp teeth connivent. Low grounds, Florida, and northward. Feb. 

 and March. A large tree, with spreading branches. Leaves 2' -4' long. 

 Fruit 6" long. 



Var. 1 aspera. Leaves larger (3' -6') on shorter petioles, oval-oblong, acu- 

 minate, very oblique or half-cordate at the base, very rough above, pubescent 



