CYPERACE^E. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 539 



angled, 1 - 2 high. Leaves short, linear. Bracts short, the upper one shorter 

 than the spikes. 



38. C. dasycarpa, Muhl. Sterile spike single, short-ped uncled ; fertile 

 spikes 2-3, approximate, oblong ; perigynia woolly, oblong, 3-angled, striate, 

 scarcely beaked, with the orifice entire, twice the length of the ovate barely 

 pointed pale scale ; nut stalked. Shady woods, Florida to South Carolina. 

 Culms 6'- 12' high, rough-angled. Leaves pubescent. 



39. C. tenax, Chapm. Culms (10'- 15' high) and rigid channelled leaves 

 rough, but not pubescent ; spikes and ovate beaked and less pubescent perigynia 

 larger ; nut sessile ; otherwise like the preceding, and possibly a stouter form of 

 it. Dry sand-ridges, Middle Florida. 



40. C. Pennsylvanica, Lam. Sterile spike single ; fertile spikes mostly 

 2, ovoid, approximate, 4 - 6-flowered, the lower one with a short or scale-like 

 colored bract ; perigynia nearly globose, pubescent, abruptly contracted into a 

 short 2-cleft beak, longer than the oblong-ovate dark brown scale. (C. margi- 

 nata, Muhl.) yar. MUHLENBERGII, Torr. $ Gray. Fertile spikes mostly 3, 

 6 - 10-flowered, distinct, the lowest leafy-bracted ; perigynia ovate, tapering 

 into a short beak; scales light brown. (C. varia, Muhl.) Dry woods, in the 

 upper districts, Georgia, and northward. Culms 4' - 8' high, longer than 

 the leaves. 



41. C. lucorum, Willd. Sterile spike single; fertile spikes 3 - 4, ovoid, 

 few-flowered, approximate, or the lowest remote and usually leafy-bracted ; peri- 

 gynia ovoid, more or less pubescent, acute at the base, tapering into a slender 

 rough 2-cleft beak, about the length of the ovate-oblong acute scale ; leaves 

 narrowly linear. Var. NIGRO-MARGINATA. (C. nigro-marginata, Schw ) Peri- 

 gynia 3-angled; scales with brown or black sides; culms l'-2' high. Var. 

 FLORIDANA. (C. Floridana, Schw.) Perigynia compressed-3-angled or lentic- 

 ular (but the stigmas 3); scales white or margined with black; culms 2' -12' 

 long, prostrate or erect. Var. EMMONSII. (C. Emmonsii, Dew.) Perigynia 

 3-angled, acuminate at each end, nearly smooth; scales white; culms bristle- 

 form, prostrate. Dry sandy soil, Florida to North Carolina. 



w- ** Fertile spikes linear or cylindrical, remote, all, or the lowest, on distinct and 



commonly elongated peduncles. 



= Perigynia striated with numerous fine nerves : sterile spike always single. 



t Perigynia smooth, nearly terete, obtuse or barely pointed : bracts long and leaf-like : 



spikes erect. 



42. C. grisea, Wahl. Sterile spike short, sessile ; fertile spikes 3-4, lin- 

 ear-oblong, rather loosely-flowered (4" -8" long), the upper one nearly sessile; 

 perigynia oblong-ovoid, pointless, somewhat inflated, twice as long as the white 

 ovate rough-awned scale. Varies (C. flaccosperma, Dew.), with longer (!' or 

 more) cylindrical spikes, and nearly awnless scales. Low ground, Florida to 

 Mississippi, and northward. Culms smooth, 1 - l high. Leaves and bracts 

 broadly linear. Upper spikes commonly approximate, the lowest very remote, 

 on a long erect peduncle. Perigynia often indented near the apex. 



